OtimizaÃÃo da produÃÃo de Biodiesel

AUTOR(ES)

James Correia de Melo

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

In the Semi-arid of the Northeast of Brazil biodiesel production from castor oil has been studied as a important source of employs in small agriculture. However, other oleaginous adapted to an unfavorable climate, such as cotton, oiticica and jatropha, have great potential for biodiesel production. In this work a study on alternative vegetable oils was done for biodiesel production and process from the cottonseed oil, in batch reactor was optimized. Biodiesel form jatropha oil was obtained in two stages, esterification followed by transesterification, because unprocessed oil showed high acidity. Reaction performance was measured by gas chromatographic analysis to obtain yield of ester. Conversion was as high as 99,8% and other quality parameters were satisfactory. Biodiesel from oiticica oil showed high specific mass and viscosity, so that it should be blended with biodiesel from other origins to match specification of these parameters. Transesterification of cottonseed oil was studied in different reaction conditions, including reaction temperature, molar ration methanol/oil and amount of catalyst. The best yields were obtained for the high amount of catalyst (1%), molar ration methanol/oil (6/1) and temperature of 40ÂC. A quadratic mathematical model was developed to the conversion in ester starting from reaction of cottonseed oil. The best reaction conditions were used to operate a pilot plant, in CaetÃs-PE, and the produced biodiesel fit the parameters of quality, in accordance with specifications ruled by Brasilian Petroleum Agency (ANP) with conversion higher than 97%. A study of the reaction kinetics of cottonseed oil was done by varying temperature, molar ration methanol/oil and amount of catalyst. A kinetic model was proposed for the reaction and activation energy was estimated to 29.3 kJ.mol-1

ASSUNTO(S)

optimization biodiesel Ãleo de algodÃo cottonseed oil transesterificaÃÃo engenharia quimica transesterification kinetics otimizaÃÃo biodiesel cinÃtica

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