OtimizaÃÃo do processo de produÃÃo de biodiesel a partir de Ãleos de mamona e algodÃo

AUTOR(ES)

ClÃudio Vicente Ferreira

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

In the last years, Brazil has imported significant volumes of diesel oil, derived from petroleum, due its great consumption. On the other hand, there is a necessity for a substitute to diesel oil due to environmental issues. For this purpose, a promising alternative is biodiesel, which presents similar physical and chemical properties and it can be obtained from renewable sources. However, it is important to optimize the production process in order to obtain a product of good quality, with a competitive price and with smaller impacts to environment. In this work, a pilot plant has been built to study the biodiesel production process considering all stages, from reaction to purification. A 22 factorial design has been used to study the effect of different types and concentrations of homogeneous alkaline catalysts in the conversion reaction. Concentrations of NaOH and KOH used were (0.5 and 1.0)%wt. The optimization of the process was carried out in the methanolysis and ethanolysis routes of castor and cottonseed oils, resulting in a total of four factorial designs. The reactions were performed at 50 ÂC, with an alcohol/oil mole ratio of 6:1 and reaction time of 60 min. Results show a considerable influence of purification stages in process viability. In addition to that, the effect of catalysts, alcoholic routes, oil types and the quality of the raw material in the final product quality were also evaluated. In the case of the cottonseed oil it was possible to obtain a biodiesel with higher quality in the two alcoholic routes studied. The best condition in the methyl route was achieved with 1.0% NaOH, obtaining 98.3% conversion. For the ethyl route, the maximum conversion of 97.1% was obtained with 0.5% NaOH. On the other hand, for the castor oil, separation of reaction products was more difficult because of a hydroxyl group in its structure. This characteristic promoted a lower biodiesel conversion and large losses in the process. All reactions were also accomplished with NaOH catalyst and the maximum conversion in the methyl route was 91.5% with 0.5% of catalyst. In the ethyl route, the optimized condition was obtained with 1.0% of catalyst and 85.4% conversion

ASSUNTO(S)

cottonseed oil optimization engenharia quimica otimizaÃÃo mamona biodiesel planta piloto biodiesel algodÃo plant pilot castor oil

Documentos Relacionados

• OtimizaÃÃo da produÃÃo de Biodiesel
• OtimizaÃÃo da produÃÃo de carotenÃides a partir de fungos filamentosos (mucorales)
• OtimizaÃÃo da ProduÃÃo de Biodiesel atravÃs da ReaÃÃo de TransesterificaÃÃo do Ãleo de Mamona Utilizando um Catalisador BÃsico HomogÃneo.
• TÃcnicas de otimizaÃÃo da produÃÃo para reservatÃrios de petrÃleo: abordagens sem uso de derivadas para alocaÃÃo dinÃmica das vazÃes de produÃÃo e injeÃÃo
• Mapeamento de variÃveis mercadolÃgicas para a produÃÃo de biodiesel a partir da mamona na RegiÃo Nordeste do Brasil