Mediação pedagógica, inserção escolar de alunos com deficiência mental e arte: um olhar sobre o projeto espaço criativo

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

The inclusion of children with special educational needs in mainstream schools is guaranteed by the Law of Directress and Basis of National Education number 9.394/96 (Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional LDB 9.394/96). The presence of these children in mainstream schools demands changes in the whole school context as to contribute for its development. In the state of Goiás, the Secretary of Education created the Creative Space Project aiming to promote school inclusion through art in the cities of Goiás. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the pedagogical mediation of teachers in a pole school of the Creative Space Project, a public school in the city of Itumbiara which proposes to include its mentally disabled students using art, aiming to get to know and analyze the mediation in the pedagogical practice of fourth grade designated, support and resource teachers. To accomplish such task observations and video-recordings of the focused context were done, as well as semi structured interviews and audio recordings with three teachers and three mentally disabled students. The material was analyzed microgenetically for category organization. In relation to mediation, it was observed that it is differentiated for the mentally disabled; the designated teacher does not consider them as her students and the supporting teacher works in the corner of the classroom having the students copy numbers and words and do cut and glue tasks. The mediation of the resource teacher is through the materials that she prepares and consists of mimeographed activities and enlarged drawings to be colored. It was also observed that the activities offered by the teachers were standardized and monotonous, neither favoring autonomy nor abstract reasoning. The teachers use artistic activities to occupy the time of the mentally disabled students when they are not able to keep up with the rest of the class. The Creative Space Project does not exist in reality and the teachers do not know the importance of art for affective and cognitive development. These flaws may be traced to the authors who did not offer the necessary resources for the implementation and fulfillment of the project as the teachers indicate when they highlight that they did not take specific art courses and complain about the lack of material. This study verified that inclusion does not happen effectively and there are even moments of segregation mentioned by the mentally disabled students and observed during field work. It becomes relevant to discuss the need to train teachers towards working with students with special educational needs in the mainstream schools because the paradigm of inclusion is a change which involves the whole school context. The practices that aim inclusion need to be constantly questioned so that through time feasible proposals may be constructed as art, if adequately used, consists in a promoting alternative for development and learning.

ASSUNTO(S)

psicologia ensino e aprendizagem em arte inserção escolar inclusão em educação - goiás (estado) educação especial - goiás (estado) education and learning in art school inclusion mediação pedagógica formação de professores pedagogical mediation teacher training

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