Expected Utility Theory
Mostrando 1-12 de 13 artigos, teses e dissertações.
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1. THE HARSANYI-RAWLS DEBATE: POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY AS DECISION THEORY UNDER UNCERTAINTY
Abstract Social decisions are often made under great uncertainty - in situations where political principles, and even standard subjective expected utility, do not apply smoothly. In the first section, we argue that the core of this problem lies in decision theory itself - it is about how to act when we do not have an adequate representation of the context of
Manuscrito. Publicado em: 2021-06
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2. As implicações do efeito disposição na gestão de fundos de investimento
No início dos anos cinqüenta do século XX, a crença na racionalidade dos agentes econômicos favoreceu o desenvolvimento da escola das Finanças Modernas, fundamentada principalmente em quatro teorias: a Teoria do Portfólio de Markowitz (1952), o Teorema da Irrelevância dos Dividendos de Modigliani e Miller (1961), o Modelo de Precificação de Ativos
Publicado em: 2010
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3. Modelo de decisÃo multicritÃrio aplicado à seleÃÃo de contratados para construÃÃo de subestaÃÃo de energia elÃtrica na CHESF
The dealing of constructions to expand the electrical system has become a challenge for State companies or mixed economy companies. The selection of appropriate suppliers directly impacts on the contractorâs competitiveness. The costs created by the delay in construction ending and the consequent unavailability of the energizing event reduce the expected re
Publicado em: 2009
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4. Extração de preferências por meio de avaliações de comportamentos observados. / Preference elicitation using evaluation over observed behaviours.
Recently, computer systems have been delegated to accomplish a variety of tasks, when the computer system can be more reliable or when the task is not suitable or not recommended for a human being. The use of preference elicitation in computational systems helps to improve such delegation, enabling lay people to program easily a computer system with their ow
Publicado em: 2009
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5. Subjective expected utility with non-perfect consequences description / Utilidade esperada subjetiva com descrição imperfeita das conseqüencias
Esta tese reformula o modelo de teoria de decisão de Savage relaxando a hipótese implícita de que uma conseqüência é uma descrição perfeita de uma determinada situação. Axiomas comportamentais sobre preferências definidas no espaço de atos são introduzidos e uma representação na forma de Utilidade Esperada é derivada. Em particular, como em S
Publicado em: 2008
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6. THEORY AND COMPUTATIONAL STUDY OF THE PERFORMANCE OF TRANSMISSION LINES FOR HIGH-VOLTAGE DISCHARGES IN THE PRESENCE OF AIR / ESTUDO TEÓRICO E COMPUTACIONAL DO DESEMPENHO DE LINHAS DE TRANSMISSÃO DE ALTA-TENSÃO NA PRESENÇA DE DESCARGAS ATMOSFÉRICAS
This work depicts transmission line modeling for lightning strike time domain simulation. It is studied and presented the main mechanisms associated to lightning formation and striking high-voltage transmission lines and wave propagation theory concerned to the hit point. Following, it is presented and analyzed transmission lines, shield wires and tower mode
Publicado em: 2008
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7. Ensaio sobre o Agente Racional: Esparadrapos para um Paciente terminal?
The Rational Agent model have been a foundational basis for theoretical models such as Economics, Management Science, Artificial Intelligence and Game Theory, mainly by the ¿maximization under constraints¿ principle, e.g. the ¿Expected Utility Models¿, among them, the Subjective Expected Utility (SEU) Theory, from Savage, placed as most influence player
Publicado em: 2007
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8. Freedom, macroeconomics and wappiness: an empirical analisys of a panel of countries / Liberdade, macroeconomia e felicidade: uma análise empírica de um painel de países
This dissertation brings evidence on the role of the main macroeconomic variables and freedom on individual happiness. Using microdata from subjective wellbeing surveys from 74 countries, we estimate an Ordered Probit Model. Based on a standard microeconometric specification, we show that macroeconomics influences wellbeing directly. Even after controlling f
Publicado em: 2007
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9. O conceito de racionalidade e os paradoxos da teoria da decisão
In this work, the theme of decision is bounded to the domain of an individual action, even though the idea of an individual comprises entities such as a company or a nation. The main question is: What is behind the decision? The answer will be investigated in theoretical currents that faced each other along the 20th century. It has been discussed if the rati
Publicado em: 2005
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10. A simple test of expected utility theory using professional traders
We compare behavior across students and professional traders from the Chicago Board of Trade in a classic Allais paradox experiment. Our experiment tests whether independence, a necessary condition in expected utility theory, is systematically violated. We find that both students and professionals exhibit some behavior consistent with the Allais paradox, but
National Academy of Sciences.
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11. Framing effects and risky decisions in starlings
Animals are predominantly risk prone toward reward delays and risk averse toward reward amounts. Humans in turn tend to be risk-seeking for losses and risk averse for gains. To explain the human results, Prospect Theory postulates a convex utility for losses and concave utility for gains. In contrast, Scalar Utility Theory (SUT) explains the animal data by p
The National Academy of Sciences.
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12. Explaining happiness
What do social survey data tell us about the determinants of happiness? First, that the psychologists' setpoint model is questionable. Life events in the nonpecuniary domain, such as marriage, divorce, and serious disability, have a lasting effect on happiness, and do not simply deflect the average person temporarily above or below a setpoint given by geneti
National Academy of Sciences.