Tutela civil da voz / Legal protection of the voice
AUTOR(ES)
Fernanda Stinchi Pascale Leonardi
FONTE
IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO
10/06/2010
RESUMO
The goal of this study is to demonstrate the possibility and necessity of legal protection of the human voice. The study assesses whether a person\ s voice is unique and whether we can distinguish one person from another individual based on their voices. The study focuses mainly on the dubbing of audiovisual works, the use (or imitation) of the voice of celebrities for comedy shows, advertising campaigns, institutional or political use without authorization or for other purposes and/or after the authorized period, as well as the disclosure of the voice in sensitive interviews without cloaking effects and the use of the voice of ordinary people for unauthorized purposes. In the first part of the study, it is shown that the voice is a live sound and that the voice is deeply influenced by the body structure and by psychological elements, and vice versa. Thus, it is said that the voice is a way by which a person expresses their personality. The second part of the study offers the historical evolution of the protection of the voice whereas the third part provides a brief comparative analysis of voice protection in foreign law. The fourth part presents the voice as a way of expressing ideas, as a tool for artistic interpretation, and as a working tool, showing that the Brazilian legal system recognizes the voice as a legal right to be protected under various approaches. The relevant provisions of the Brazilian legal system able to protect the human voice are presented, and it is shown that there is no systematic legislation on the subject matter. In fact, many Brazilian authors acknowledge the voice as an attribute of the human personality, but they do not recognize the autonomy of the voice over other personality attributes. Therefore, the study presents some justifications to acknowledge the legal protection of the human as an independent personality right, indicating its legal nature, contents, special characteristics and extension. The interrelation of the human voice with other personality rights is also presented, along with Possible collisions with third-party rights and the possible ways to resolve factual situations of apparent conflict. In this context, the study explores the issue of vocal imitations. Finally, the liability for violation of the sound of a voice in Brazil is analyzed. The fifth part of the study offers some proposals to expand the effectiveness of the legal protection of the human voice in Brazil. Thus, the study concludes that the human voice is an asset that must be legally protected and that said protection happens by the recognition of a voice right, which is an autonomous personality right, encompassing all people, and that said protection should not be limited to the scope of rights related to copyright or to labor rights of media people.
ASSUNTO(S)
author-related rights civil liability copyright direito autoral direitos da personalidade imitação interpretação musical legal protection personality rights voice voz (proteção)
