Development of thermal process otmized for mosto sugar canes in alcoholic fermentation / Desenvolvimento de processo termico otimizado para mosto de caldo de cana na fermentação alcoolica

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2005

RESUMO

In this research is proposed a thermal treatment process for sugar cane must with maximum retention of fermentable sugar (sucrose, glucose and fructose), to promote a thermal inactivation of its bacterial contaminants and therefore, those of alcoholic fermentation. With this objective were examined the thermo degradation kinetics of sucrose, glucose, fructose, total reducing sugars (TRS) (110 ? 140ºC) and also B. stearothermophilus spores (98 ? 130ºC), a typical thermo resistant sporulated contaminant of musts. All thermo degradable factors showed non-linear thermal destruction kinetics due to this the D value, obtained for linear regression, could not be used, thus the kinetics were reported by Arrhenius model, obtaining the reaction rates (k), Activation Energy (Ea) and the z value through out Ea values. Sucrose remaining curves obtained as a function of time during its thermal hydrolysis, were fitted by logistic models which are suitable to describe flat shoulders and ending tales in the kinetic curves. Activation Energy and z value were 112,32 kJ/mol and 26,99°C, respectively. This reaction showed to be equimolecular in regard to the produced hexoses. TRS remaining curves vs time were adjusted by logistic bipopulational models, suitable when the overall process presents two fractions, the hexoses glucose and fructose, with different degradation rates with shoulders and tales. Ea and z values for fructose and glucose were quite close: 140,37 kJ/mol, z of 21,59°C and 140,23 kJ/mol, z of 21,61°C, respectively. As far as degradation rates are concerned, fructose showed to degrade 9 times faster than glucose. Spores suspension showed heterogeneity in thermal resistance. Temperature affected the shape of survival curves for B. stearothermophilus ATCC1518 spores. At lower temperatures, it showed flat shoulder, passing through consecutive linear fraction models behaviors, and finally at higher temperatures followed linear model with elimination of the thermo-sensible fraction. Ea and z values were 249,52 kJ/mol and 11,48°C respectively. A thermal process for sugar cane must contaminant inactivation was defined after the decanter, where microbiological quantification of various microbial groups was carried out on samples from sugar cane mills located in region with different climate and humidity conditions. The maximum thermophilic flat-sour spores count was of 9 x 101 spores/ml of must and was originated from a sugar cane mill located at the warmest and most humid region, while a count of 4 spores/ml of must was found in a plant with dry climate and with soil of low capability for water retention. Decanters lethality of must contaminant was determined based on the minimum detected thermal history in two industrial equipments. Applying the average residence time with this thermal history, it was estimated that the decantation results, on average, 4,02*106 log reductions of Lactobacillus fermentum and only 0,13 log reductions in the counting of B. stearothermophilus spores. Based on the kinetic knowledge of the thermo degradable major factors it was established a thermal process region from 114 to 140C and 3000 to 4 seconds. Graphically, this region is a triangle delimited by the line for 5 log reductions of B. stearothermophilus (lower limit), and the line for 98,7% retention of the must TRS. This preservation level was adopted considering the accuracy of the sugar analysis methodology (1,3%). Any thermal process within this region will be able to satisfy the requirement of 5 log reductions for B. stearothermophilus and 98,7% retention of must TRS. The implementation of this thermal process implies in the adoption of a preventive strategy in the contamination control of the fermenting process, opposite to the corrective strategies currently applied based on antibiotics, which is common practice in Brazilian Sugar Canes mills

ASSUNTO(S)

cinetica de inativação degradação termica monossacarides thermal inactivation kinetics hydrolysis sterelization sucrose esterilização monossacarideos bacillus stearothermophilus sacarose hidrolise bacillus stearothermophilus alcoholic fermentation fermentação alcoolica must thermal degradation mosto

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