ContribuiÃÃo de CaracterÃsticas CitogenÃticas e Moleculares à SistemÃtica de Bromeliaceae

AUTOR(ES)

Jailson Gitaà dos Santos FrazÃo

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2006

RESUMO

The Bromeliaceae is between the most typical neotropical plant families, very admired due to its ecological and ornamental value. Bromeliads are important components of a wide range of habitats, from rain forests to dry savannas, campos rupestres and semi-arid regions. Chromosome counts are available for only 200 species (ca. 10% of its members) with few works including karyomorphological descriptions, as condensing behaviour, nuclear structure, chromosome morphology and banding patterns. Regarding molecular evaluations, most studies have been applied to solve macrotaxonomical questions, using nuclear and extra-nuclear sequences, but few analysis have been done with molecular markers to compare taxa at the intraspecific and infrageneric level. The present study brings new cytological information and chromosome counts in 73 species, among them, data for 48 species and nine genera are reported for the first time. All analyzed species presented very small chromosomes, semi-reticulated interphase nuclei and proximal chromosome condensing behavior. The fluorocrome staining with CMA/DAPI in Aechmea aquilega (Salisbury) Grisebach, A. bromelifolia (Rudge) Baker, Ananas comosus L. Merrill, A. nanus L.B.Smith, Greigia sphacelata (Ruiz &Pavon) Regel, Ochagavia litoralis (Phil.) Zizka, Trumpler &Zoellner, Puya coerulea Lindley and Tillandsia bourgarei Baker revealed CMA+/DAPI- (GC rich) bands probably corresponding to the NORs. The silver staining (AgNO3) revealed one to two pairs of nuclei correspondent to the NO-chromosomes. The AFLP procedure (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) including 1265 characters was applied to 40 species of the subgenus Ortgiesia (genus Aechmea Ruiz &Pav.) revealing a basal clade including the species of the A. candida-A. coelestrix complex (composed of five related genotypes ) from which three distinct clades emerged and formed subgroups of species, partially consistent with the previous known phytogeographic and taxonomic evidences. The results generated, especially regarding controversial species, are further discussed

ASSUNTO(S)

ciencias biologicas coloraÃÃo com fluorocromos aflp markers subgÃnero ortgiesia fluorocrome staining anÃlise molecular aflp subgenus ortgiesia

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