Atividade imunoestimulante e anti-Leishmania de Chenopodium ambrosioides L. (mastruz). / And immunostimulatory activity of anti-Leishmania Chenopodium ambrosioides L. (mastruz).

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

22/01/2012

RESUMO

Chenopodium ambrosioides a plant species popularly knows as mastruz, mastruço, menstruço or erva de Santa-Maria have been used to treat leishmaniasis in endemic areas of the Northestern of Brazil. The aim of this work was to evaluate the immunomodulatory and antileishmania effects of this plant. In order to investigate the effect on macrophage activity and on lymphoid organs cellularity C3H/HePas mice received the HCE by intraperitoneal via and were sacrificed 48 hours later. HCE treatment did not alter the cell number in bone marrow, but it increased the cell number in peritoneal cavity, spleen and lymph node. The spreading and phagocytosis activity, the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) release and the nitric oxide (NO) production were also increased when compared to control group. The in vitro treatment with HCE induced a dose-dependent NO production by resident macrophages. The antileishmanial activity of HCE was evaluated in a murine model of infection by using C3H/HePas mice and Leishmania amazonensis. Mice were treated by oral or intralesional route with HCE (5mg/kg) between 4th and 6th week post infection. Oral treatment was not able to control the dissemination of infection. On the other hand, the intralesional treatment increased the NO production in the popliteal linphonode and peritoneum cultures and reduced the parasite load from footpad, spleen and limphonodes. To further identify the active compounds of C. ambrosioides the hexane (FHEX), chloroform (FCl), etyl acetate (FAc) and hidroalcoholic (FHA) fractions were obtained from HCE. The FHEX and FCl were cytotoxic for macrophages while FAc and FHA fractions were not. These noncytotoxic fractions showed significant antipromastigote activity, inhibited the amastigote proliferation and induced NO production by macrophages in vitro. Chemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, predominantly quercetin and kaempferol glycosides, in both FAc and FHA fractions suggesting biological activities showed here can be due by these compounds. Altogether, this results ratify the medicinal properties of C. ambrosioides and provide support to future studies in search for new therapeutical agents with antileishmanial activity derived by this specie.

ASSUNTO(S)

nitric oxide ativação de macrófagos Óxido nítrico leishmania amazonensis flavonóides ciencias biologicas macrophage activity leishmania amazonensis flavonoids

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