Imunomodulação e ação anti-Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis por Ouratea cuspidata (Ochnaceae) / Immunomodulation and action anti-Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis promastigotes by Ouratea cuspidata (Ochnaceae)

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

Ouratea cuspidata (Ochnaceae) crude extracts were added to experimental systems containing either host macrophages, or Leishmania braziliensis promastigotes (L566). The biological effect by the use of the hexane (OCH), methanol (OCMeH) and ethyl-acetate (OCAcEt) extracts added at different concentrations: 2mg/mL; 4mg/mL; 8mg/mL, 16mg/mL e 32mg/mL. The OCMeOH was the only fraction to which the anti parasitic potentiality was achieved at doses rates that generated bio protective effects in the host cells. The parasiticide action, due by direct exposure of promastigotes to OCMeOH, as well as the parasitic growth, and morphological alterations intermediary metabolism alterations (mitochondrial activity) were concomitantly measured. Biological macrophagic functions were also evaluated using Cricetus cricetus peritoneal macrophages as a model (Mf). Bio-protective assays were carried out in order to determine the free radical generation by the extract constituents. The results were compared with non treated L566 and Mf. 78% of the 16 mg/106 Mf/mL treated Mf were viable but a significant decrease of their phagocytosis capability (92%) was detected. Such alterations were evident in 62% of the cells treated with 32mg/106 Mf/mL. At this concentration cells were 70% viable and presented 98% phagocytosis suppression. The macrophages enzymatic- mitochondrial activity was gradually diminished, with 87% activity at exposures to 8mg/106 Mf/mL; 66,3% at exposures to 16mg/106 Mf/mL, and 49% at exposures to 32mg/106 Mf/mL, respectively. The anti parasitic effects were not associated to the promastigotes lack of viability. Instead, a significant rising on the L566 cells counting was detected when compared to control non treated parasites, from the first 6 hours treatment until 24 hours exposure. Morphological changes were detected in 62% of the 8mg/106 L566/mL parasite treated cells; 78% after 16mg/106 L566/mL treatment, and 98% of the cells presented morphological changes after 32mg/106 L566/mL treatment. Cells were either round-shaped, showing incomplete mitosis, or presenting double flagella, suggesting that the present extract containing substances that might interfere in the parasitic topoisomerase function. The parasitary mitochondrial activity evidenced the occurrence of a metabolic acceleration due by the OCMeOH treatment. The mitochondrial enzymatic activity was of 220% at exposures to 8mg/106 L566/mL; 389% at exposures to 16mg/106 L566/mL and of 480% at exposures to 32mg/106 L566/mL, respectively, when compared to the non treated parasites (100%). The anti parasitic potential (Therapeutic Index) was considered to be positive (acceptable) (TI=4,0) when estimated in function of the morphological changes observed at the extract concentration of 32mg/106 Mf/mL (LD62%), and at 8mg/106 L566/mL (ED62%), respectively. Since bi-flavonoids are the main constituents present in the OCMeOH, results were suggestive the anti parasitic effect was due to this group of secondary metabolites. As such biologically active molecules are known COX2 selective inhibitors, its internal use should be avoided. Otherwise, bi- flavonoids are good candidate substances to be applied as topical medicine to treat the American Tegumentar Leishmaniasis.

ASSUNTO(S)

aatividade anti-parasitária parasitologia ouratea cuspidata leishmania (viannia) braziliensis. anti-parasitic activity

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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