Tecnicas de modelagem, simulação e otimização de processos de refrigeração e de congelamento

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2000

RESUMO

In this work the modelling, the simulation and the optimisation of a refrigeration system applied to food freezing processes are developed. The study is divided in two stages: the first part tries to identify the typical thermodynamic behaviour of a refrigeration plant, together with the development of a methodology for simulation and for a thermoeconomic optimisation procedure applied to this plant. The second part identifies the thermodynamic behaviour of the thermal load of a freezing equipment, together with an optimisation methodology of the product temperature profile. Initially, the modelling of the thermodynamic properties of the refrigerant fluid is carried out, considering the regions of the subcooling liquid up to the superheating vapour regions, providing a more detailed study of the temperature profile of the fluid inside the refrigeration cycle. The basic simulation algorithm of these thermodynamic transformations presents versatility characteristics that facilitate the development of new design configurations of the refrigeration plant. The modeI of simulation of the refrigeration cycle is developed later on with the aim of identifying the thermodynamic behaviour of the refrigeration system operating with pure refrigerant fluid and also with nonazeotropic mixtures, which present a high thermodynamic performance and are considered as non aggressive fluids for the environment. This simulation methodology facilitates the thermodynamic analysis of the system, maintained under different operating conditions at steady state. The simulation of the thermodynamic cycle enables the modelling of the basic units of the refrigeration plant through the use of typical physical models which represent the heat exchangers, the compressor and the expansion valve. This modeI of the refrigeration plant was named INCICLO, being characterised by its sensible capacity to identify the thermodynamic performance of the refrigerant fluid that operates in the system, and still facilitating the sizing of the system units, as well as the analysis of the plant energy consumption. Besides, an optimisation study of the plant energy consumption was developed, taking into consideration the factors of unit costs and the energy consumption of the system, trying to minimise the irreversibilities inherent of the refrigeration processo. Finally, in this work is presented an optimisation study ofthe heat load profile applied to food freezing process, trying to identify the operating conditions of the equipment that maintain the quality attributes of the frozen product. This procedure is considered of great importance to identify the optimal operational conditions of the refrigeration plant

ASSUNTO(S)

modelagem otimização matematica refrigeração alimentos congelados simulação refrigeradores

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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