Síntese, caracterização estrutural, termoquímica e elétrica de materiais cerâmicos para células a combustível de óxido sólido / Synthesis, structural, thermochemical and electrical characterization of ceramic materials for solid oxide fuel cells

AUTOR(ES)

Gustavo Carneiro Cardoso da Costa

FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

16/12/2008

RESUMO

Nanocrystalline yttria or scandia stabilized zirconia (YSZ, ScSZ) powders with fluorite-type structure were synthesized by the polyacrylamide, the polymeric precursor and the precipitation methods. Powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), simultaneous (TG and DTA or DSC) thermal analysis, nitrogen adsorption analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform absorption spectroscopy (DRIFT). The organic precursor methods produced nanocrystalline powders at approximately 550 °C and the precipitation method produced amorphous powders which crystallized at approximately 450 °C into a fluorite phase with crystallization enthalpies of -13.7 ± 0.6 kJ.mol-1 for 8YSZ and -11.7 ± 0.5 kJ.mol-1 for 12YSZ. The measured surface area of powders after calcination at 650 - 800 °C were 27 m2.g-1, 61 m2.g-1 and 110 m2.g-1 for the polyacrylamide, the polymeric precursor and the precipitation methods, respectively. The sintering process of the pressed ceramic powders was evaluated by direct impedance spectroscopy (IS) measurements and by dilatometry. Thereafter, the sintered pellets were analyzed by XRD, SEM and IS. The sintering studies show that the powders prepared by the chemical route have high sinterability; however, they do not sinter to high density as a result of dense aggregates in the initial powders. The heats of water adsorption at room temperature were measured on samples using a Setaram Calvet microcalorimeter and a Micromeritics gas dosing system. Drop solution calorimetry experiments were performed in a custom made Calvet twin calorimeter using sodium molybdate 3Na2O.4MoO3 solvent. These experiments, combined with water adsorption calorimetry, allowed for deriving, through a thermodynamic cycle, the surface enthalpies for hydrous and anhydrous surfaces.

ASSUNTO(S)

calorimetria calorimetry células a combustível de óxido sólido eletrólitos sólidos espectroscopia de impedância impedance spectroscopy scsz sintering sinterização solid electrolytes solid oxide fuel cells szsz ysz ysz

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