Reich, Espinosa e a educação / Reich, Espinosa, and the Education
AUTOR(ES)
Daniel Camparo Avila
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO
2010
RESUMO
Wilhelm Reich (1897-1957), Austrian dissentient psychoanalyst, and Benedictus de Spinoza (1632-1677), Dutch philosopher, are authors which works converge at the struggle for a free and active man, leading to the composition of educational perspectives heading human power. This theoretical study focus on the contributions, by both these thinkers, at the educational ambit. Thus, we have read Spinozas Theological-Political Treatise and Ethics and Reichs Parents as educators I: the compulsion to educate and its causes, About masturbation, The function of orgasm and Mass Psychology of fascism, as well as commentators of both authors. We have also translated Reichs article The parental attitude toward infantile masturbation. Reich and Spinoza denounce a life taken by fear, that strains yet in existing through the abandon of its power. Fear, therefore, is not only an useful affect in life preservation against dangers, but is also involved in the production of submission desire and the trend to obey, by which we differ, following the authors, the fear of a plus-fear. In relation to the stimulus origin, fear matches a real and external danger that threatens life, while plus-fear addresses an imaginary and internal fear, related to the satisfaction of desire. As to the determination of these reactions, fear constitutes an active reaction, as it follows the nature of the individual. Plus-fear, on the other hand, is a passive reaction determined by a process of social production, and contradictious to its nature. Fear, therefore, must not be considered a weakness but an expression of human being natural power, whilst plus-fear enslaves this power bringing about impotency. An educational perspective linked to the authoritarian moral and the images of the fear system can only, thus, contribute to the formation of fragile individuals expropriated of their life power and wishful of serving anyone that presents himself as conveying a transcendental power liable to guarantee his existence. In this horizon, an education to the power does not consist in an education against fear, assignment that would shelter the abdication of a essential human ability. On the contrary, it refers to a formation driven by experience and self knowledge, discovery of the real fears, and the struggle against plus-fear
ASSUNTO(S)
baruch espinosa (1632-1677) baruch espinosa (1632-1677) educação education fear freedom liberdade medo wilhelm reich (1897-1957) wilhelm reich (1897-1957)
