Metais pesados e micronutrientes no solo e em folhas de Brachiaria decumbens às margens de rodovias / Heavy metals and micronutrients in soil and in leaves of Brachiaria decumbens on the margins of highways

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

27/02/2009

RESUMO

The generation of various wastes, has become alarming in light of their growing volume and their disposal to form inappropriate, especially in soil. One of the characteristics of such waste is the possibility of being contaminated by heavy metals. The Fuel obtained the refining of oil, widely used in automobiles, are usually enriched with toxic elements. The number of vehicles using these fuels is increasing and with it the waste from the combustion or burning of fuel, making it a source of anthropogenic heavy metals in the atmosphere, soil, water and plants. This study aimed to evaluate the levels of cadmium, lead, copper, chromium, iron, manganese, nickel and zinc in soil and leaves of plants of Brachiaria decumbens Stapf. In areas of pasture under the influence of roads and a control area, in the State of Goiás. The first area of pasture on the margins of the BR-153, between the cities of Goiânia and Anápolis, in the State of Goiás, is characterized as a paved highway, double, intense traffic of vehicles, mainly of cargo (treatment BR 153). The second area in the GO-222 highway, between the cities of Anapolis and Nerópolis, paved road, single track and characterized by small flow of vehicles, mostly car ride (treatment GO-222). And the third area (witness area) within the Parque Estadual Altamiro de Moura Pacheco (PEAMP), is a conservation unit of integral protection. Samples of soil and leaves of B. decumbens, treatment at the BR-153, GO-222 and PEAMP were collected in four sampling points (replicates) (BR-P1, P2-BR, BR-P3, P4-BR; GO-P1, P2-GO, GO-P3, P4-GO; PEAMP-P1, P2-PEAMP; PEAMP-P3; PEAMP-P4), with varying distances between them, in each treatment. In the treatment of roads in each of the four specific points (P1, P2, P3, P4) based on the direction perpendicular to the highway, three samples were obtained from leaves of B. decumbens and three composite samples of soil at depths of 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm, collected at10m, 25m, 40m distance. The results indicated that the mean levels of heavy metals and micronutrients analyzed in soil and leaves of B. decumbens not characterize the occurrence of contamination in these environments due to its content. Witness in the area, although there is no traffic of vehicles, the levels of some heavy metals and micronutrients are equivalent to those obtained in treatments and BR-153 GO-222. The irregular behavior of the average levels of the elements in all treatments, hindered, in part, to better define whether its origins are natural or anthropogenic sources. We recommend the implementation of new scientific research in areas of Cerrado grown on the banks of the roads with large flow of vehicles, to monitor the levels of heavy metals in the environment and food.

ASSUNTO(S)

brachiaria decumbens poluição do solo resíduos fitotoxicidade agronomia poluição-solo-metais pesados; plantas, efeitos de metais pesados; fitotoxicidade; brachiaria decumbens brachiaria decumbens soil pollution waste phytotoxicity

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