MÃtodos de Controle de Plantas Daninhas na Cultura do Cafeeiro e seus Efeitos na AgregaÃÃo e em FraÃÃes da MatÃria OrgÃnica do Solo / Weed Control Methods in Coffee (Coffea arÃbica L.) And Yours Effects On Soil Aggregation and Soil Organic Matter Fractions.

AUTOR(ES)

MÃrcio Neres dos Santos

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2005

RESUMO

The coffee crop expansion in Latosol occur with high invest in varieties, fertilization, irrigation and control of insects and plant diseases. The weeds in coffee crop should be control for to avoid production loss and make easier the crop management. This work aimed to study the effect of weed control methods in coffee on soil aggregation and also on soil organic matter fractions. The essay was realized in samples collected in the 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm depth, at the EPAMIG Experimental Station in SÃo SebastiÃo do ParaÃso (MG), Brazil, in a coffee plantation on a Distroferric Red Latosol. Coffee cultivar âCatuaà Vermelhoâ (LCH 2077-2-5-99) was planted at 4x1 m spacing, and the essay was installed in 1974. The weed control methods were mower, coffee tandem disk harrow, rotary tiller, post and pre-emergency herbicides, hand hoe and no weed control in the coffee inter-rows. The geometric mean diameter (DMG) was adopted like aggregation index, like first treatment. The soil organic matter fractions light (free soil organic matter â MONC) and heavy (organo-minerais complexs â COM primary) were quantified by physical densitometer method. The quantification of this fractions was made in <2mm, 2-4mm and 4-8mm aggregates, that was separated by vertical shake dry way. Carbon microbial biomass and microbial activity was evaluated by the methods chloroform fumigation-extraction and respiration, respectively. The results obtained allowed verify that in 0-10cm soil depth has not significative difference between weed control methods when this was relative to DMG values. In both soil depths, rotary tiller was the method that showed a smaller DMG value, whereas no weed control presented higher value. The microbial activity had positive influence in the soil aggregates formation and stability. The heavy fraction contributed with more than 90% to soil organic matter in both depths evaluated, showed less affected by weed control methods. There was a reduction in carbon stock in all weed control methods in relation to no weed control.

ASSUNTO(S)

ciencia do solo agregados soil phisics fÃsica do solo weed control cafà soil aggregation plantas daninhas fracionamento da matÃria orgÃnica coffee organic matter fractions

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