Infancia, trabalho e educação : os aprendizes do Arsenal de Guerra de Mato Gross (Cuiaba, 1842-1899)

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2005

RESUMO

For almost 50 years, hundreds of orphaned or abandoned poor children were housed in the War Arsenal ofthe State of Mato Grosso where they studied and worked. To analyse this military initiative of providing work and education to discipline the poor, free population in the second half of the 19th century is the aim of this thesis. In the first part, after a brief history ofthe War Arsenal, which was created in 1832 in the then province of Mato Grosso to store and produce objects necessary for the maintenance of military troops in the border areas, I present its bureaucratic structure and examine its objectives as a complex unit that combined depots, workshops, a prison and a school. In the midst of complex social relationships where the apprentices interacted with trained soldiers and master tradesman, teachers and guards, civilian and military prisoners, slaves and servants; they learnt the trades of shoemakers, tanners and tinkers among others. But they also adopted types of behaviour considered to be inappropriate by the imperial authorities. Still in the first part, I analyse the contradictory behaviour of the poor, free population of rejecting and submitting to the disciplinary regime. The inclusion of the apprentices in the workshops and the learning of the necessary skills to become a disciplined worker are approached in the second part after a brief review of the literature on work and education. The third part examines other control mechanisms used to submit the apprentices to the work discipline regime and shows the success achieved by the imperial strategy by demonstrating that the War Arsenal managed to train not only good workers but also produced master tradesman. But it wasn t alI about submission. I also describe the resistance mechanisms used by the workers against the strict discipline, particularly the escape of apprentices. Finally, I show how this resistance provoked the perverse effect of reiterating the prejudice against the poor children by means of establishing categories for the a.pprenticesto designate those that submitted to the work discipline regime to a higher category and those that refused to a lower category who were thus subjected to discrimination

ASSUNTO(S)

children educação de crianças menores - emprego infancia children child labor education

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