Impacto da fortificação das farinhas com ferro no controle da anemia em gestantes: estudo em um serviço público de saúde do município de São Bernardo do Campo / The impact of iron fortification flour on controlling iron deficiency anemia in pregnant: a public health service study in São Bernardo do Campo city.

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

Introduction The iron deficiency anemia is the biggest nutrition disorder in developed and developing countries. Preschool kids and women in fertile age are the most exposed population group to this deficiency. Objective To compare the pregnant hemoglobin concentration profiles between the pregnant that have been attended during the period without iron fortification flour and with attended after one year of the iron fortification flour program has been begun. Methods Thats a subproject from The impact of iron and folic acid fortification in wheat and corn flours in pregnant hemoglobin concentration attended in health public services. This study has used secondary data collected through pregnant individual medical chart from Prenatal Attending Program from São Bernardo do Campo city. The sample was made by two groups: NO FORTIFICATED GROUP the pregnant who made up the group had attended the prenatal services and got birth before June 2004, effective flour fortification date all over the country, and FORTIFICATED GROUP the pregnant who made up the group were who had the date from the last menstrual period (LMP) after June 2005, at least one year of the effective of the iron fortification flour program has begun. The World Health Organization criteria was used for diagnosing anemia by hemoglobin ranges [Hb]<11,0g/dL. References, such as, the hemoglobin evolution model trough no anemic women and no iron deficiency women, and the proposal for pregnant individual who is receiving iron supplements were used for analyzing. By hemoglobin ranges the anemia severity was classified as severe under 7,0 g/dL; moderate from 7,0 g/dL to 10,0 g/dL; mild from 10,0 g/dL to 11,0 g/dL. Results The anemia prevalence was 14,3 per cent in No Fortificated Group and 8,1 per cent in Fortificated Group, this difference was statistically significant. The severe anemia was absent between the studied pregnant, and the most of them was classified as mild. The age (less 20 years old) and scholarity (less 8 years) were checked and it was able to see that the both significant act over the anemia determination. The nutritional state classification has shown in both groups malnutrition decrease (No Fortificated Group and Fortificated Group 25 per cent and 18,2 per cent respectively). The evolution of hemoglobin concentration model, in both groups, is similar: constant value on the first term followed by value decrease until the end of the pregnancy process when there is a little hemoglobin concentration increase. Adopting references values based on evolution of hemoglobin concentration , the anemia prevalence increased, however there is no statistically significant association difference between groups. Conclusions The pregnant hemoglobin concentration profiles in São Bernardo do Campo got better when the two groups were compared, however the statistically significant difference should be carefully evaluated, because others factors could contributed or this result. This study let us know about this problem progress, as well as to improve the intervention programs.

ASSUNTO(S)

fortification gestantes anemia pregnant anemia fortificação de farinhas com ferro iron fortification flour fortificação

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