Efeito da radiação gama e de tratamentos hidrotérmicos sobre as características físico-quimicas, funcionais e nutricionais da farinha e do amido de banana verde (Musa acuminata cv. Nanica) / Effect of gamma radiation and hydrothermal treatments on the physicochemical, functional and nutritional characteristics of flour and starch from green bananas (Musa acuminata cv. Nanica)

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

04/10/2011

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of gamma radiation and gamma radiation followed by hydrothermal treatments on the physicochemical, functional and nutritional (digestibility) characteristics of flour and starch from green bananas. Green bananas Musa acuminata (AAA Cavendish) were processed in order to obtain flour and extract starch. The flour was subjected to gamma radiation doses of 0 (control); 1,0; 2,0; 5,0 and 10,0 kGy and the starch to doses of 0 (control); 0,5; 1,0; 1,5 and 2,0 kGy. Part of the flour and starch received hydrothermal treatments, consisted of humidification in the ratio 1:20 w/v (flour or starch : distilled water), thermal bath (80 °C for 1 hour), cold storage (5 °C for 24 hours) and dehydration in oven (45 °C for 24 hours). The assessment of only irradiated flours showed that with the increase of radiation dose, there was an increase in levels of reducing sugars and total reducing sugar, water solubility index (WSI), chroma (C), browning index (BI) and of rapidly digestible (RDS) and slowly digestible starch (SDS) content. There was also a reduction in resistant starch (RS) levels and in paste viscosities (maximum, final and breakdown) and setback. In the irradiated and hydrothermically treated flours, the dose increase caused an elevation in levels of reducing sugars and SLS, of WSI, pasting temperature, C and BI. In these flours there was also reduction in the water absorption index (WAI), RDS content, maximum and final viscosities, and setback. The content of RS from the flours of these treatments increased up to 2 kGy. The inclusion of hydrothermal treatments (gelatinization and retrogradation) to irradiated flours changed the digestibility, raising RDS level and reducing the SDS and RS levels at all doses. There was an increase in the levels of total dietary fiber (TDF) at doses above 2 kGy. The color was altered with reduction of luminosity (L) and Hue angle (°H), and elevation of C and BI. There was an increase of WAI and reduction of WSI. The hydrothermal treatments altered the viscosity profile of the samples generating less sharp peaks, with less viscosity breakdown and a greater setback. The evaluation of only irradiated starches showed that with the use of increasing radiation dose, there was only an increase of °H. Both in the only irradiated starch and in the irradiated one with subsequent hydrothermal treatments, there was an increase of starch with beta bonds and reduction of amylose content, relative crystallinity, maximum and final viscosity, breakdown as well as amylopectin molecules break. The inclusion of hydrothermal treatments promoted browning of starches (reduction of L and elevation of C, °H and BI). The amylose contents were reduced and those of TDF were elevated. The in vitro digestibility presented elevated levels of RDS and reduction in SDS and RS. It was observed amylopectin break and also relative crystallinity reduction. All critical points of viscoamylograms showed an increase caused by hydrothermal treatments, except for pasting temperature, that remained unchanged.

ASSUNTO(S)

farinha amido banana banana digestibilidade digestibility flour gamma radiation. radiação gama starch tratamento térmico. heat treatment

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