Desenvolvimento de aplicações tecnológicas da metodologia de phage display no diagnóstico do câncer de próstata

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2006

RESUMO

Prostate cancer is the second cause of death in men by tumor, surpassed only by lung cancer. Its occurrence is estimated to be 51 to 100,000 cases per year. The increasing incidence levels observed may be partially explained by the evolution of diagnostic methods, quality of information systems and longer life expectancy. The identification of new cancer specific antigens and genes may provide important biomarkers for diagnosis and instruments for the development of new treatment strategies. The Phage Display technology may be able to select peptides with different aims, such as the discovery of mimetic antigens that are recognized by specific antibodies. Selected peptides may become potential tumor biomarkers for prostate cancer diagnosis. It could be possible to use this technology to identify proteins that are able to detect cancer earlier than the conventional methods, to predict disease staging, and to develop new treatment strategies based on more efficient biological targets. The immunization of SPF (specific pathogen free) male chickens with total proteins of tissues of prostate cancer has generated polyclonal specific IgY sera, which were used in biopanning procedures against random peptide libraries. Selected phages were characterized by sequencing and bioinformatics, and subsequently by dot immunoblotting and ELISA to validate their specificity. Selected peptides were mimotopes of putative proteins involved in the carcinogenesis process. These peptides were further tested for their possible use in the immune response diagnostics associated with tumor processes. In this work, we have also successfully developed a general immunosensor for diagnostics, performed on an exclusion liquid chromatography system based on a micro column resin separation, using the selected bacteriophages as carriers of antigens and antibodies. These phage are coupled to colored latex beads, which are activated with different chemical groups. The presence of phage in the process is of fundamental importance, once they favor the formation of the antigen-antibody complex, peptide-protein or peptide-substrate, amplifying the optical detection during chromatographic separation or by micro-agglutination in slides for optical microscopy detection. The new technology is practical and simple, and may also be used for detection of other biomolecules or chemical substances associated with infectious and genetic diseases, with high precision, sensitivity, specificity, and rapidity, using low sample volumes and presenting a low cost.

ASSUNTO(S)

microesferas imunocromatografia nanotecnologia tumor markers immunoagglutination prostate cancer biosensors câncer de próstata marcadores tumorais imunoaglutinação genetica hiperplasia prostática benigna biossensores phage display próstata câncer benign prostatic hyperplasia microspheres immunochromatography

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