CritÃrios para AplicaÃÃo do Programa Produtor de Ãgua - Estudo de Caso no Alto Rio Grande / Criteria for application of the Water Producing Program â Case studies in the Alto Rio Grande, MG.

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

The creation of mechanisms to compensate, financially, the agricultural producers by preservation actions is very recent in Brazil, and began through the Water National Agency proposal â through the Water Producer Program. The proposed model as well as other models that are recently being applied, aims at offer to the agricultural producers a defined value by each proponent in exchange for areas to be reforested, in order to get an environmental benefit. However, the majority of the considered models doesnât emphasize the used conservations measures, the loss of water by evapotranspiration and donât perform an economic analysis of the area to be used in the program implementation, as well as they see the agricultural producers in an independent way and not as a group of housings that are responsible in its totality by the water increase or decrease in the watershed. This research aimed to create some criteria for the implementation of the Water Producer Program, that is, to create a mechanism of decision making to the watershed managers. To achieve this, it was used data collected by the Water and Soil Group of Lavras Federal University in the Marcela and Lavrinha river watershed â Alto Rio Grande - MG. Through the data and using fuzzy inference and weighted hierarchical analysis techniques â AHP, it was obtained the Water Production Indicator (WPI) of the current land use and of three proposed scenarios. The simulation results showed that the amendment of soil covers affect the watershed production, indicating that the biggest alteration was given in the second scenario (75% Eucalyptus and 25% forest), whose second and fourth events presented the biggest alteration in the water production, that is, a larger production. In the sub-basin of Lavrinha the Scenery with Eucalyptus presented a better behavior in the production of water, principally in the event 4. The third event didnât present significant changes in the simulations, always presenting a strong production of water. The relation quantity- quality has shown that the soil covers associated with a good management contribute to the water availability in the watershed. After the IPA definition it was made an economic analysis to verify the viability of proposals compositions, comparing with the current use. The studies showed a high risk for the implementation, being that the third scenario presents the highest risk and the shortest security to be viable. The current use composition presents a relatively high risk, however, presents the biggest security to be economically feasible (81.32%), and the highest Internal Return Rate (26%) and a relation receipt-expenditure equal to R$ 169.42/ha. In the sub-basin of Lavrinha creek the current use presented less risk and a certainty of 90.66 % of being viable, whereas the simulation of the Scenery presented 83.92 % of certainty of being viable with a risk near to the previous one. These values are quite similar. Regarding the economical analysis the study Scenery presented a bigger internal tax of return (18 %) and a relation income-expense of R$ 283.66/ha. Finally it approached to a result in the sub basin of the Marcela creek that 12.12 ha must be stimulated and 457.88 ha must be recognized as producers of water, in the sub-basin of the Lavrinha creek 283.66 ha should be stimulate and 403.34 ha recognized as producers of water. If the middle value of 138.36/ha were used it would be necessary to apply in the sub-basins of the Marcela creek and Lavrinha creek, R$ 65.029,20 and R$ 95.053,32 respectively.

ASSUNTO(S)

engenharia de agua e solo 1. gestÃo dos recursos hÃdricos. 2. produtor de Ãgua. 3. sistema de informaÃÃes geogrÃficas.

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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