Análise química e biológica dos alcalóides de aspidosperma ramiflorum Muell. Arg. e de aspidosperma tomentosum Mart / Chemical and biological analisys of the alkaloids from aspidosperma ramiflorum Muell. Arg and aspidosperma tomentosum Mart

AUTOR(ES)

Elvis Medeiros de Aquino

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2006

RESUMO

Even before the advent of writing, man already searched the nature for the cure of his illnesses. Among the different classes of natural products used for this purpose, monoterpenoid indole alkaloids exhibit large structural and pharmacological diversities and these compounds are commonly found in the Aspidosperma genus. In this context, the present work had as main goals to investigate the alkaloids from different parts of two poorly studied species, Aspidosperma ramiflorum and Aspidosperma tomentosum, regarding their composition and antibacterial, antifungal, and antitumoral activities. Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Nuclear Magnetic Ressonance analysis allowed the identification of the following alkaloids: beta-yohimbine, in the pericarp and arils of A. ramiflorum; uleine, in leaves, branches and seeds of A. tomentosum; quebrachamine and rhazinilam, in the arils and seeds of the same species. Moreover, based on literature data and the results of the GC-MS analysis was characterized in A. tomentosum the presence of oxo-uleine, in the leaves and stems, eburnamonine, in the stems, and rhazinilam, aspidospermidine, dihydrorhazinilam and 1-acetyl-17-methoxy-aspidospermidine like alkaloids in the seeds and arils. Neither crude alkaloid extracts nor isolated alkaloids presented a relevant antibacterial activity. An antitumoral activity could be detected in crude alkaloids extracts from pericarps of A. ramiflorum and from stems, leaves and arils of A. tomentosum. On the other hand, antifungal activity was observed in all crude alkaloid extracts assayed, besides a specific activity of the alkaloids quebrachamine and beta-yohimbine against fluconazol resistant Criptococcus neoformans. Additionally, it was observed that crude alkaloid extract from leaves of A. tomentosum was also active against two Candida species (C. krusei e C. parapsilosis), as well as to the C. neoformans isolate. From these results we can conclude that the two studied species has to be considerated as promising sources for antifungal and antitumor alkaloids to be used as models to design new drugs.

ASSUNTO(S)

alkaloids biological activity aspidosperma aspidosperma atividade biológica alcalóides

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