Use of the basal palm of peach palm in alternative to the foliaceous palm, to increase the use of the palm tree Bactris gasipaes / Utilização do palmito basal de pupunha em alternativa ao palmito foliar, visando aumentar o aproveitamento da palmeira Bactris gasipaes

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

The palm can be obtained from several palms trees. Besides of high rate of exploration of Euterpe palms trees and his low regeneration power, there is a lack of product in the consumer market. More precocious palms trees and which produce good palm heart have been investigated, one of them is the peach palm (Bactris gasipaes), native of Amazon region that presents characteristics of precociousness, rusticity and tillering with palm heart with good quality, differing of others for the slightly sweet taste and the yellowed coloration. His cultivation can be done in great part of the Brazilian territory. The edible portion of the palm is divided in three parts: basic one or caulinar (heart), apical and central or foliaceous (cream or thole). The commerce of palm privileges the central part of the palm tree, selling heart as by-product. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the equivalence of the quality of heart and thole of peach palm, acidified with citric acid, widely used in the industries, and with acetic acid that masks the slightly sweet taste. The samples of peach palm were cultivated in experimental area of ESALQ/USP and for the processing 120 palms trees were cut in march of 2007. Heart and thole of the palm were analysed by physical, chemical, biochemical and sensorial characteristics for six periods of storage (1, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120 days). The control of the operations on the processing was efficient, since the weight and the filling out from the glasses did not vary between the unities. During the period of storage the coloration of the tholes and hearts of palm peach was yellowed, characteristic that remained constant. Even though the enzymes polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase have appeared in the biochemical analyses, its values were low, and the coloration was the same during the storage. The centesimal composition of the samples (humidity, protein, oily matter, ash, fibers and carbohydrates) indicated heart and thole of peach palm have the same characteristics, which liken very much to that of the palm tree Euterpe edulis. The sensory analysis did not show significant difference between the samples, however the lowest notes were attributed to the pickles acidified with acetic acid. Regarding the frequency of consumption, it was noticed that the palm heart of peach palm is little used in the feeding of people, being the answer "sometimes" the one that had major constancy. Data showed that heart and the thole of peach palm have the same physical, chemical and sensory characteristics, indicating that the first one also can be marketed like palm heart of first quality; the period of storage did not change principal characteristics of the products.

ASSUNTO(S)

chemical analyses physical analyses acidification palmito análise sensorial de alimentos acidulantes bioquímica de alimentos palm sensory analysis thermal processing processamento de alimentos.

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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