The psychologization of psychoanalysis in education: a study of the connection of psychoanalysis and education in São Paulo Brazil / A psicologização da psicanálise na educação: um estudo da conexão psicanálise e educação em São Paulo - Brasil

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

After verifying a strong incidence of the psychologisation of education in a pool of municipal schools, we aimed to understand how psychoanalysis participated in this process. We started with the observation that once psychoanalysis has been picked over, it has turned a psychological knowledge with adaptative and normative purposes and, hence, one more theory at service of psychologization of education. In this context, we tried to identify the ways and motivations in Brazil and specifically in São Paulo through which this psychologization occurred, as well as the mechanisms of perpetuation of this process nowadays. We started our investigation with a bibliographic research which permitted to establish a historical panorama of the relation of psychoanalysis and education in Brazil. It stands out in this process that psychoanalysis was connected to education since the beginning of its diffusion, being incorporated in the hygienic medical discourse of the age, turning into one of the main theoretical fundaments of the Brazilian escolanovismo and solidifying itself as a practice connected with the educational field with the implantation of clinics of mental hygienic scholarship in São Paulo. This panorama allows concluding that psychoanalysis served the purpose of preventivist medical therapy and suffered the influences of the emergent psychological currents (the behaviorist and the psychometric theories). From the 80s, it was created a research field in Psychoanalysis and Education in São Paulo, where thoughts about the application of psychoanalysis in education took place, as well as criticisms of the modern pedagogic discourse which permitted the advance in the debate in this area, yet they did not stop the continuity of this process. Investigating how the transmission of psychoanalysis in the educational field occurs, psychoanalysts that teach in courses offered to educators and psychoanalysts that work as school tutors in São Paulo were interviewed. Above all, it was interesting to identify possible relations between the transmission process and the psychologization phenomenon of psychoanalysis today. Our field research seems to indicate that psychoanalysis is transmitted in education with more emphasis in the therapeutical aspect, it appears very little connected with social, cultural and political processes. We conclude our paper trying to point the reasons for the production and maintenance of psychologization of psychoanalysis in education. We identify the roots of this process in the way the relation between psychoanalysis and education was originally established in Brazil, considering, in this case, the crisis of education according to Hannah Arendt. We also suggest that teaching psychoanalytic theory to educators seems to contribute to the maintenance of this process today.

ASSUNTO(S)

educação são paulo transmission são paulo psychoanalysis psicologização education psychologization transmissão psicanálise

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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