The meanings of the experience of the radiotherapy oncológica in the vision of patients and family caretakers / Os significados da experiência da radioterapia oncológica na visão de pacientes e familiares cuidadores

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

The study aimed at understanding the senses of the experience of the radiotherapy oncologyc for the patient and the relative caretaker, and to integrate them in meant socially built, through the analysis interpretative ethnographic. For that was taken support in the theoretical referential of Clifford Geertzs interpretative anthropology, of the current of the medical anthropology and of the method of the ethnography in urban centers. It was a research with qualitative methodological approach, accomplished in the Regional Center of Oncology and Radiotherapy in a municipal district of the south of Brazil. Took part of the study 20 informers, being 10 patient and 10 family caretakers, which frequented the service in the period of March to August of 2007. For the collection of data, participant observations and semi-structured interviews were accomplished in the home of the informers, during the period of the radiotherapy and thirty days after the end of the treatment, and also elaborated genogram and ecomap for the contextualization of the informers. The analysis of the data was supported on the analytical presuppositions of Hammersley and Atkinson, among other authors. It was identified the codes that pointed the sense of the experience for the informers and that, later, they served as guide for the units of senses and the construction of the meanings nucleus: "Of getting sick for cancer to the radiotherapy - a trajectory built"; "The experience of the radiotherapy: medicine and poison" and "The webs of the survival oncologic". In the first nucleus, were approached the senses attributed for the trajectory of the diagnosis of the cancer and its sense of impact of death, the via crucis for the public service of health and the therapeutic decisions, besides the incorporation of the persons identity as a oncological patient with the support of the social nets, as the family, the friends and the religion. The second turns on the entrance of the informers in the world of the radiotherapy, that was revealed as a moment stressful, distressing and suffered; however, it also had the sense of a combat, once the patients underwent the therapeutics with the vision of a medicine-poison, powerful and capable of to annihilate the cancer and to make possible the cure. In the third theme, it was approached weaving of the web for the informers if they adjust to the new life and the appearance of the new identity: the one who survivor to the cancer. In that new identity, they retook the daily activities and they planned the future with hope, in spite of an uncertainty shadow in relation to the cure. It was concluded with the consideration that the meaning of the experience of the radiotherapy for that group of people, of the popular class, meant the need to submit to a therapy with a characteristic medicine-poison that causes fear, but that is necessary, if the life perspective is the cure or even the survival to the cancer.

ASSUNTO(S)

nursing neoplasia radioterapia neoplasms culture ethnography radiotherapy enfermagem cultura etnografia

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