The familiar relations and the process of to sick in diabetes type 2 / As relações familiares e o processo de adoecimento em diabetes tipo 2

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

Diabetes type 2 is found among the chronic conditions which affect about 5 million Brazilians. Diabetes is defined as a syndrome of multiple etiology, resulting from the lack of insulin and/or the inability of the insulin to perform its effects accurately. It has micro and macrovascular changes as long term consequences which lead to the malfunction, damage or failure of various organs. In terms of morbidity, Diabetes Mellitus represents, nowadays, one of the main chronic diseases which affect the contemporary men. The increase of its occurrence and prevail may be associated with social changes such as higher urbanization rate, increase of life expectancy, industrialization, hypercaloric diets rich in carbon hydrates of quick absorption, migration of populations to urban areas, change of lifestyle, physical inactivity and obesity. There is not a cure for diabetes nowadays. For the moment, it is possible to think of a good control of this disease through a diet, physical activity and use of medication. It is believed that if the patient starts this control, it is possible to prevent some complications and favor his/her life quality. It is observed that when discussing the adhesion of the type 2 diabetic to the medication or non-medication treatments there is a narrow relation between the family support and the following of the given orientation. Thus, study object consists to understand as the familiar relations influence in the process of to sick of the diabetic person and are influenced by it. It is a qualitative study based on the principles of symbolic interactionism and the systemic approach which led the data collection and analysis of this research. Six families in which there were type 2 diabetics participated in this study followed by the Centro de Educação para Adultos e Idosos da Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo. The data was put together through interview, non-participant observation and informal interview, records on the field journal and family interview at the family home. This data was presented with the analysis of the family system according to the structural, developing and functional aspects (genogram) and the description of the categories obtained on the interviews. The interviews were transcripted and put under a latent content analysis. The analysis of the family system enabled the observation that out of the six participating families all the patients were elderly, five lived with their spouses and only one patient was a widow. The analysis of the interviews showed two important moments in the handling of diabetes which were presented in a temporal way: realizing the existence of the disease and living with it. The results in had allowed them to conclude that to look at for the context, the dynamics and the form of familiar organization where to the diabetic person she is inserted, it facilitates the process of agreement of the related phenomena to the glicemico control. That it is essential to the health professional, to consider the family as unit of care the diabetic person, as well as using the correlation between family and control of the glicemicos values as tool for the improvement of the given assistance.

ASSUNTO(S)

diabetes mellitus type 2 enfermagem family família nursing diabetes mellitus tipo 2

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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