Testes rapidos (kits) para avaliação da qualidade de oleos, gorduras e produtos que os contenham e sua correlação com os metodos oficiais da AOCS. / Rapids tests (Kits) which serve for quality evaliation of oils, fats and products containin them and this correlatin which AOCS officials methods.

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2005

RESUMO

The DiaMed Food Analysis Test System (F.A.T.S.) consists of rapid tests which serve as alternatives for conventional methods in the determination of free fatty acids (%FFA), peroxide value (PV), and the concentration of alkenal (p-anisidine test) and malonaldehyde (TBA test). These tests can be employed in the evaluation of oils, fats and products containing them. Moreover, the compact equipment makes a large, well-equipped laboratory unnecessary and the relatively small sample size generates minimum residues. They also furnish better working conditions for the analysts involved since the p-anisidine used as a reagent is carcinogenic. At present, only the %FFA and PV kits have been certified by the AOCS, but few studies have used them. The present study was thus designed to correlate the results obtained from the use of these kits with those obtained by the official AOCS methods for crude, degummed and refined vegetable oils and olive oils (tested with 4 kits for different levels of %FFA and PV), frying oils collected from the university restaurant (tested for TBA and p-anisidine values) and pet foods supplied by a national industry (tested for %FFA, PV and TBA and p-anisidine values). In all cases the analyses were performed in triplicate using conventional methods. On the following day, the same samples were analyzed using the corresponding kits, according to the instruction of the manufacturer. The official AOCS methods adopted for the determination of %FFA, PV and p-anisidine and TBA values were Ca 5a-40, Cd 8b-90, Cd 18b-90 and Cd 19b-90, respectively. For the pet food samples, lipids were extracted with a mixture of petroleum ether and ethylic ether in cold conditions. The correlations between methodologies were determined using the Least Squares Method of Linear Regression (using Minitab for Windows, version 12.1), and an ANOVA was used to compare the averages of the different methods (SAS for Windows V. 8 software). For both pet food and frying oil samples, the variation between samples tested using the same method was also determined. High correlations were found between the results of official and kit methods in relation to %FFA and PV for refined and olive oils, and in relation to %FFA in pet foods and p-anisidine values in frying oils (r = 0.74-0.99). Results for crude and degummed oils were significantly different, however, due to the effect of pigments. The pet foods exhibited a relatively low oxidative state and thus could not be analyzed accurately with the kits. For frying oils, the TBA kit proved more sensitive than the official method. Moreover, the official methods presented problems for the determination of PV and malonaldehyde and alkenal concentrations, since they were not very sensitive for PV levels of less than 2 meq/kg, whereas the use of heating in the official TBA test led to higher values than those obtained when using the equivalent kit and the presence of water in the samples and reagents interfered in the results of the p-anisidine test. The DiaMed F.A.T.S. kits thus proved to provide accurate results. Moreover, they provide a feasible option for overcoming the economic difficulties of shelf-life studies faced by conventional methods, especially for samples with a low lipid content.

ASSUNTO(S)

correlação (estatistica) quality control alimentos - testes correlation (statistics) analysis of food oils and fats controle de qualidade food tasting oleos e gorduras alimentos - analise

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