Tentativas de suicidio atendidas no Hospital de Clinicas da Unicamp : diferenças entre os sexos / Suicide attempts seen at Hospital de Clinicas Unicamp : sex differences

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify sex differences in clinical, psicossocial and demographic variables among those who attempted suicide and were seen at the emergency room of the Hospital de Clínicas (HC) UNICAMP.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, sub-project of the Suicide Prevention ? Multisite Intervention Study on Suicidal Behaviors (SUPRE-MISS) organized by the World Health Organization (WHO). 212 subjects were enrolled in the study. A structured questionnaire covered a series of variables, including mental and physical health status, contact with health services, alcohol and drug related questions, traumatic experiences, psychosocial difficulties, life satisfaction, social support, psychiatric diagnosis, problems with justice, anti-social behavior and specific psychometric scales. A comparison between sexes was made using uni and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: Overall 49% were between 25 and 44 years old, and 143 (68.1%) were females. Almost all suicide attempters had a mental disorder (96%). Affective disorders were more frequent among women (54% versus 32%, p=0.003) and mental disorders caused by psychoactive substance use, especially alcohol, were more frequent among men (31% versus 7%, p=0.0001). Females had worse scores at the WHO Index of Well-Being (p=0.005), at the Beck Depression Inventory (p=0.01) and at the Psychiatric Disability Assessment Schedule (p=0.03). More women (58%) than men (35%, p=0.002) had previously made a suicide attempt, and had suffered physical and/or sexual abuse (26% versus 8%, p=0.002). Women had more frequently looked for psychiatric treatment (50% versus 34%, p=0.03) and attended to religious cult (once a week: 45% versus 23%, p=0.007). Suicide attempts involved more risk of death among men (48% versus 28%, p=0.01), as well as the use of alcohol/drugs at the suicide attempt (30% versus 13%, p=0.003). After a previous suicide attempt men felt more pity of themselves (64% versus 36%, p=0.01). In the multivariate analysis, the variables which better discriminated differences between sexes were: ingestion of alcohol and/or drugs at suicide attempt (2.9 times more frequent in men), physical and/or sexual abuse (4.4 times less frequent in males), ?active and vigorous? well-being feelings (4.5 times more frequent in men) and a mental disorder caused by psychoactive substance use (3.6 more frequent in males). Conclusion: Males had less diagnosis of affective disorder, lower scores at the depression scale and told they were feeling more ?active and vigorous?. Although men consumed alcohol more frequently and had more serious suicide attempts, they felt more pity and shame of themselves, had more problems at work and had had less treatment than females. Women had more frequently suffered physical and/or sexual abuse, were more depressed and had difficulties to handle crisis

ASSUNTO(S)

suicide saude mental mental health suicidio primary prevention sexo tentativa de suicidio suicide attempt prevenção primaria sex

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