Temporal and spatial variability of rainfall and water balance in the state of Rondônia, Brazil: characterization tendency analysis / Variabilidade temporal e espacial das chuvas e do balanço hídrico no estado de Rondônia: caracterização e análise de tendência

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

Amazon deforestation rate has been significant, resulting in a great concern about the effect that the reduction of the forest can have on the climatic dynamics in this region, as well as in other brazilian locations. In such context, the present work aimed to verify if the current rate of deforestation in Rondônia, last 30 years has been contributed for changes in the rainfall and balance patterns. Data from 29 rainfall stations in Rondônia State which belongs to the National Water Agency ANA were used for this purpose. This is a region of small availability of weather data due to recent settling, with the data series hardly passing of 30 years. Moreover, those data series are compromised by imperfections in the collection of data, resulting in missing data. To have this study feasible, the through the weather missing data were filled out data generator CLIMGEN. After that, the data was analyzed by the method of Double Masses so that imperfections and inconsistencies in the series filled out with CLIMGEN were detected. As a next step, the data were submitted to the adjustment of the Gamma distribution of probability to identify homogeneous regions in relation to the rainfall distribution of probability in Rondônia. Sveh analysis was applied to identify the localities and months with similar rainfall pattern. Finally, the rainfall data was submitted to Mann-Kendall trend test, as well as the variables of the sequential water balance in Ouro Preto dOeste and Porto Velho locations. The results showed that the CLIMGEN is a tool that can be used to fill out missing data in series of Rondônia; however the method of Double Masses identified inconsistencies in two localities, which were not considered in the analyses. The Gamma distribution function presented a smaller degree of asymmetry in the distribution of rainfall probability in the rainy months. Dry months, like in June, July and August, the distribution of rainfall probability is more asymmetrical, being similar among all evaluated locations. Following Gamma the distribution, the cluster analysis showed spatial heterogeneity in the rainfall distribution. Finally, the tendency analyses did not identified systematic changes which indicated that Rondônia State is having changes in the rainfall pattern during the analyzed period, being verified only oscillations of natural order in the climate. The series of maximum and minimum temperature of Porto Velho and Ouro Preto dOeste presented positive tendency, mainly in the minimum temperature. For the variables of the water balance, positive tendencies were detected for ETR and ETP. The results allowed to conclude that although the significant increase of the deforested area in Rondônia, this was not enough yet to cause changes in the climate, being necessary analyses of longer series.

ASSUNTO(S)

chuva - variabilidade desmatamento - rondônia distribution spatial. deforestation rondônia water balance rainfall variability distribuição espacial i. balanço hídrico

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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