Suplementação de vitamina A em lactantes: revisão sistemática / Vitamin A supplementation for breastfeeding mothers: systematic review

AUTOR(ES)

Julicristie Machado de Oliveira

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2006

RESUMO

Objective: To assess the effects of vitamin A supplementation for breastfeeding mothers through a systematic review. Methods: Searches for randomized controlled trials were performed in bibliographic databases. The searches resulted in 2,547 summaries that were read and selected by two raters, by eligibility and quality criteria. Data from 16 quality studies were extracted and stored in Excel. It was not possible to carry out the meta-analysis for the clinical outcomes of adverse effects and maternal and infant morbidity and mortality. The meta-analysis was performed for retinol concentration in the serum and human milk. Results: No statistically significant differences were observed for diarrhea, respiratory infection or pneumonia between supplemented and non-supplemented infant groups. Reduced prevalences of loose stools and night blindness were observed in supplemented lactating women, but without protection for mortality. Lower occurrences of milk retinol concentration were observed <0.28μmol/g of lipid in the supplemented group at six months (OR=0.73; IC95%: 0.54 – 0.99), but not at nine months postpartum (0.82; IC95%:0.59 – 1.14). For infant and maternal serum retinol, the average difference in means was 0.25μmol/L (IC95%: 0.16 – 0.34) and 0.14μmol/L (IC95%: 0.02 – 0.26) at three months postpartum. Conclusions: There is no evidence of the benefit of supplementation for infant morbidity and mortality or for maternal mortality. There is an indication that the protection given by supplementation for maternal morbidity is related to suitable retinol levels in human milk until the sixth month postpartum and to the higher retinol concentration in maternal and infant serum in the third month postpartum.

ASSUNTO(S)

dietary supplemnets literatura de revisão período pós-parto review literature leite humano meta-analysis randomized controlled clinical trials suplementos dietéticos vitamin a metanálise human milk vitamina a ensaios clínicos controlados aleatórios postpartum period

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