Substratum quality indicators for revegetated areas monitoring: study directed to the sand mining. / Indicadores da qualidade do substrato para monitoramento de áreas revegetadas: estudo dirigido à mineração de areia.

AUTOR(ES)

Raquel Olimpia Peláez Ocampo Almeida

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2010

RESUMO

Mining is an agent of significant changes in soil properties. Successful land rehabilitation depends on restoring those characteristics in natural soils or establishing a suitable substratum for plant growth using available materials such as waste rock or mineral tailings. A process for monitoring the quality of the substratum in mine-affected areas was developed and tested. The study was carried out at an industrial sand mine located in São Paulo State, Brazil. Different plots situated in a tailings pond were restored with native species by the company for the past 14 years, allowing for 10+ years of simulated monitoring. Soil samples were collected to measure a series of physical and chemical substratum properties. Indicators of vegetation development were collected in each plot. As a result, a positive quality evolution of the substratum is observed simultaneously with the development of planted trees. In conclusion it was verified that observed substratum variables have ample possibilities to be suitable as revegetation performing indicators. From all substratum variables studied, soil density, organic matter, P contents and pH are the most appropriated indicators, specifically in the environmental conditions of the tailings pond studied. All evaluated areas feature a well established vegetal community. However substratum compaction, low contents of organic matter and intense weed growing (Brachiaria decumbens) were identified as limitative. The proposed method sets up a practical instrument to obtain quantitative parameters that allow for an objective assessment of revegetated areas and environmental rehabilitation actions. The indicators may be applied to other types of mines, specifically in case of tailing disposal sites.

ASSUNTO(S)

environmental indicators ecological restoration revegetation restauração ecológica mine rehabilitation monitoring indicadores ambientais Áreas mineradas revegetação mined areas monitoramento recuperação

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