Revegetação de áreas mineradas: estudo dos procedimentos aplicados em minerações de areia. / Mining revegetation: methods and techniques used in sand mines.

AUTOR(ES)

Raquel Olimpia Peláez Ocampo Almeida

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2003

RESUMO

This dissertation analyses the methods and techniques used to revegetate areas of sand mines and assess the results obtained. In the first phase of study, reclamation activities of five typical sand mines were observed. In general, revegetation in these mines plays a fundamental role in mined areas reclamation. Two mines were selected for a more detailed assessment, namely: Viterbo Machado Mine- where revegetation of decantation ponds has been carried out with native species; and Cinco Lagos Mine- where revegetation was performed in previous operational area aims to recover riparian vegetation. For assessing results, indicators were selected for collecting the following data: visual aspect of vegetation, plants density and number of species per hectare, plants height average and settled plant mortality. In Viterbo Mine, tailings characteristics make difficult the normal plant development. Current practices of soil management diminish this problem, but efforts have not shown to be enough to obtain satisfactory results. The type of maintenance of a five year plantation does not permit natural regeneration, and plant species chosen are not the best suitable. In a nine year grassland sown, nowadays there is a good natural regeneration process but with few number of species. Cinco Lagos Mine presents low planted species diversity but shows good conditions of vegetation growth and natural regeneration, mainly with 6mx1m grid between lines and plant respectively. Some aspects of soil management must be improved and the choice of species has to consider local adaptation. A low number of species are used for restoring natural vegetation, but natural regeneration process has been found is showing to be a decisive factor for diversification of vegetal species. Revegetation practice of decantation pond needs to add new soil and plant management strategies. Results assessment has been done through the application of a set of indicators. New research can be done to test the applicability of additional performance indicators (soil condition, for example).

ASSUNTO(S)

mined areas reclamation mineração areia revegetação sand mining revegetation reabilitação de áreas degradadas

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