Socioenvironmental characterization of the residents in the riparian area at the hydrographic basin of the Riozinho do Rôla, Rio Branco, Acre / Caracterização socioambiental de moradores da zona ripária da bacia hidrográfica do Riozinho do Rôla, Rio Branco, Acre

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

This study was carried out to develop a socioenvironmental characterization of the residents in the riparian zone at the hydrographic basin of the Riozinho do Rôla, Rio Branco - Acre. After two moments for approaching the space and population, some formularies were applied to the riverine families residing along the main watercourse, as well as partially structured interviews were accomplished with the extractivist farmers families residing on western this hydrographic basin. Analyses concerning to this population were accomplished, by using both the Sustainability Index (IS) and Gini Index. Three social actors were identified: the farmer (social category 1), the settler (social category 2) and the riverine extractivist (social category 3). Each one differentially uses the natural resources. The Gini indexes pointed out the occurrence of earth concentration and natural water sources. There is a preference for using waters from spring waters, which evidences a relative shortage of qualified water for families. A decrease was verified in the values of both economical and social ISs, but an increment in the environmental IS along this river. The properties of the social category 2 presented higher average values for the economical and social IS (3.283 and 3.180 respectively). Establishments of the social class 1 presented an average value of 2.44 for economical IS. Properties within category 3 obtained the highest average value of the environmental IS (3.6325), whereas properties of the category 2 obtained the lowest average value (0.8736). In this area, it was also verified that with the decadence of the rubber plantations from the end of the 60-ies, the residents in the Riozinho region saw themselves in a difficult situation, since they should find alternatives for production and insertion into new productive system. The old latex extraction is almost no longer accomplished due to low price paid for kilo of rubber. The collect of the castanha do Brazil appears as a lucrative alternative for those populations. However, there is a need for the availability of conservational productive alternatives, since many people have been attracted to livestock and giving up the rubber extraction. Based on the observations and data analysis, it is concluded that the adoption of conservation strategies for this region and this public should be different. The methodology used for obtaining the Sustainability Indexes was effective to differentiate the properties and their distribution along the river. This study made possible to deepening into knowledge about the resident populations in the riparian area of the Riozinho do Rôla, concerning to the number of residents in this region, their production and their traditional ways to use the natural resources. However, much more has to be done and those social actors participation is fundamentally important for the formulation and application of several local development strategies at level of the hydrographic basin.

ASSUNTO(S)

conservacao da natureza amazonia forest hydrographic basin bacia hidrográfica floresta amazônica recursos hídricos water resources

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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