Sintese e caracterização de membranas de quitosana para aplicação na regeneração de pele / Synthesis and characterization of chitosan membranes for application in skin regeneration

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2005

RESUMO

Chitosan is an atoxic, biocompatible and biodegradable polysaccharide with bacteriostatic and healing properties showing potential use in biomaterial synthesis. In this context, the aim of this work was to study the effects induced by chitosan solution concentration and by chitin and glycerol incorporation in the total raw material cost, physical (morphology, thickness, cristallinity and swelling ratio), mechanical (tensile strength and percentage of strain at break) and biological properties (resistance to enzymatic degradation, cell adhesion and proliferation) of dense chitosan membranes with potential use as burn dressings. The influence of sterilization technique on the chitosan membrane characteristics (morphology, thickness, mechanical properties and cytotoxicity) was evaluated using three different sterilization agents (70% ethanol, ethylene oxide and gamma radiation). According to the results obtained, ethylene oxide was considered the most adequate agent to sterilize chitosan membranes since it kept their starting characteristics having been chosen as the sterilizing agent of the biomaterials obtained in this work. The systematic study concerning the effects induced by chitosan solution concentration and by chitin and glycerol incorporation on dense chitosan membranes showed that the use of the most concentrated chitosan solution (2.5% w/w) increases the biomaterials cost but improves the membranes wet thickness, mechanical resistance and ductility, and reduces the degradation degree of the materials after two months of exposure to lysozyme, an important characteristic for biomaterials used as temporary non-biodegradable burn dressings. Chitin incorporation reduces the membranes cost but decreases their swelling ratio and mechanical properties if compared to the membranes composed exclusively by chitosan. Such incorporation also promotes an increase in membranes thickness (dry and wet), reduction in their cristallinity as well as an increase in the materials degradability after exposure to lysozyme. Glycerol incorporation reduces the membranes cost, wet thickness and cristallinity and increases the membranes degradability after exposure to lysozyme. Strong cell adhesion was not observed in any of the tested membrane formulations. The overall results indicate that the majority of the prepared membranes meet the performance requirements of temporary non-biodegradable burn dressings and the membranes composed exclusively by chitosan obtained using the most concentrated chitosan solution showed the most appropriated results for this application. Despite showing adequate characteristics concerning the water vapor permeability, this formulation did not present high enough oxygen permeability. To overcome this drawback, dense chitosan membranes with lower thickness and porous chitosan membranes were produced but only the porosity has effectively shown influence in this property

ASSUNTO(S)

biomaterials membranes (tecnhonology) chitin chitosan glicerina queimaduras quitina membranas (tecnologia) quitosana burns glycerin biomaterial

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