Sensoriamento remoto e geoprocessamento na caracterização e avaliação pontual e espacial de solos e seus atributos / Remote sensing and geoprocessing on punctual and spatial characterization and evaluation of soils and their attributes

AUTOR(ES)

Aline Marques Genú

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2006

RESUMO

The necessity of new techniques to obtain information about soil and its attributes, in a faster and cheaper form, turns remote sensing and geoprocessing into important options. These techniques allow the analysis of a great amount of data at the same time and associate spectral information with other environmental variables such as geology and relief. The objective of this work was (i) to characterize the spectral behavior of soils by orbital (ASTER and TM) and terrestrial (IRIS) sensors; (ii) to evaluate the potencial to estimate soil attributes content through ASTER orbital spectral data combined with topography (punctual evaluation); (iii) to determine the spatial distribution of soil attributes on ASTER image (spatial evaluation). Information was collected from 184 georeferenced soil samples from Rafard, SP. It was also used chemical and physical analyses of the samples as well as laboratory and orbital spectral data. Then, mean spectral curves of soils and attributes were generated for their characterization, statistical models associating reflectance and topography data were created to quantify soil attributes, and attributes maps were done at ASTER image. Results showed that (i) it is possible to discriminate soil attributes through orbital sensors, and the infrared bands were the best ones for this; total iron and organic matter were the best attributes discriminated by ASTER and TM sensors, (ii) it is possible to quantify clay, total iron, silicon and titanium using spectral and topographic data, (iii) the quantification of attributes was better estimated with spectral and topographic data in the models when compared to the models with spectral data only, (iv) it is possible to create maps of grain size distribution, organic matter, total iron and cation exchange capacity with indexes of 75% of similarity.

ASSUNTO(S)

geoprocessamento geoprocessing imageamento de satélite propriedade do solo soil properties remote sensing sensoriamento remoto mapeamento do solo satellite imaging soil mapping

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