Remoção de sulfeto de hidrogênio, ferro e manganês de águas de abastecimento através dos processos de dessorção gasosa, nanofiltração e oxidação com permanganato de potássio

Dayana Milena Agudelo Castañeda

Many regions in Brazil have problems associated with the water quality of their supplies, which bring problems to the production of safe drinking water that is distributed in communities. Generally, consumers judge the drinking water safety through the use of their organoleptic senses. The conventional processes used in water treatment are not effective to remove many compounds that cause color, taste and odor in water. For this reason water utilities frequently receive complaints by angry consumers unsatisfied with the quality of drinking water. Among the compounds that cause taste, odor and color in drinking water are hydrogen sulfide, iron and manganese. Sulfide generates a "rotten egg" smell, perceptible at concentrations between 0.05 and 0.1 mg¿L-1. Manganese and iron are mainly associated with the formation of color and precipitates in water. The objective of this research was to study alternative treatment technologies to remove hydrogen sulfide, iron and manganese from drinking water. The investigated processes were air-stripping, nanofiltration and oxidation with potassium permanganate. Air stripping and nanofiltration pilot plants were supplied with water from Lomba do Sabão reservoir, located in Porto Alegre. Potassium permanganate oxidation was studied in laboratory using Jar tests systems and water from Lomba do Sabão. Oxidation tests associated with chemical clarification were performed in four different phases. In the first, the coagulants ferric chloride and aluminum sulfate were tested, with preparation of coagulation diagrams. In the second phase, it was measured the removal of Fe(II), Mn(II) and H2S during chemical clarification. The water oxidation demand was tested in the third experimental phase. Finally, the fourth phase encompassed tests using potassium permanganate associated with chemical clarification for the removal of Fe(II), Mn(II) and H2S. The results demonstrated that coagulation removed iron efficiently, but not manganese. Using permanganate, reductions in iron, manganese and sulfide increased to 92%, 59% and 94% (pH 7,0), and 93%, 74% and 100% (pH 8,0), respectively. Higher removals were achieved at pH 8,0 and one time the compounds stoichiometric oxidation relation. The air-stripping tower prototype was located at the Lomba do Sabão Water Treatment Plant. It operated with air to water ratios between of 8 and 12 m3:m3. Iron removal rates varied from 14% to 31%, while there were no removal for manganese. Hydrogen sulfide concentrations in plant¿s effluents were below the detection level, showing full volatilization of the gas during stripping. The nanofiltration system prototype was also installed at Lomba do Sabão Water Treatment Plant. Tests were performed using flowrates of 2 and 4 L¿min-1, corresponding to hydraulic application rates of 14 e 28 L¿h-1¿m-2 a 25°C. The rejections for the 14 L¿h-1¿m-2 tests were 91%, 96% and 100% (

Remoção de sulfeto de hidrogênio, ferro e manganês de águas de abastecimento através dos processos de dessorção gasosa, nanofiltração e oxidação com permanganato de potássio

AUTOR(ES)

FONTE

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

RESUMO

ASSUNTO(S)

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

Documentos Relacionados