Qualidade de vida no puerpério mediato

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

An exploratory descriptive study whose objectives were to identify the Quality of Life Index (QLI) of women in mid postpartum, by means of an adaptation of the Ferrans &Powers instrument, and to verify the influence of the following variables on these womens quality of life: type of childbirth, breastfeeding, breast conditions and babys health. The data were collected from April to June 2007. The sample consisted of 144 women, who returned to the hospital up to the 10th day after delivery, to collect the infants blood for the phenylketonuria test, or heel prick test; they agreed to answer the Ferrans &Powers Quality of Life Index (QLI), adapted by Fernandes and Narchi to measure the QL of women in the postpartum period. The socio-demographic profile of the puerperae who were part of the sample can be characterized as follows: the majority (65.3%) was Caucasian, Catholic (75.6%), did not have a paid job (63.9%), and had 5 to 8 years of schooling (62.5%). The average age was 26 years, and the average family income was R$ 818,95. Of the women who participated in the study, 49.3% had not planned their pregnancy and the majority (70%) had had a Caesarean delivery. As for breastfeeding, 64.6% were nursing their infants exclusively and 82.6% evaluated the act of breastfeeding as good or excellent. Only 4.9% of the women reported health problems with their babies. The majority (91.7%) did not report any complaints regarding their own health and, although some had breast problems such as nipple fissure (28.5%) and breast engorgement (10.4%), they did not include them in their health complaints. As for the adapted instrument, the Cronbachs General Coefficient Alpha found was 0.907, being considered satisfactory. The Psychological /Spiritual domain presented the highest correlation with the scale (r=0.847) and the Social/Economic domain, the lowest (r=0,690). It was unnecessary to exclude any item. The average quality of life was relatively high (25.82), the maximum score being 30.0. The Family domain presented the highest score (28.5) and Social/Economic one, the lowest (23.5). The Kruskal- Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were used in the analysis of the influence of the chosen variables on the puerperaes quality of life. The results allowed us to affirm that there was no statistically significant difference (in general or by domain) in the womens quality of life regarding the different types of delivery. There was no statistical difference either in the QL of the women who considered the act of breastfeeding as being bad. However, there was statistically significant difference in the puerperaes QL in all domains, except in the Social/Economic one, when the following issues were present: breast engorgement, nipple fissure or the association of fissure and breast engorgement. Regarding the variable babys health, there was a statistical difference in the womens QL (p<0.05), not only in the general index (p<0.042) but also in the Health/ Functioning domain (p<0.031). In this research, two of the variables studied indicated a statistically significant difference, and thus influenced negatively the Quality of Life of the women who were in mid postpartum: issues of nipple fissure and breast engorgement, or the association of both conditions, as well as problems with the babys health

ASSUNTO(S)

quality of life postpartum period enfermagem período pós-parto qualidade de vida obstetrical nursing enfermagem obstétrica

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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