Produção e análise de metabólitos secundários de fungos filamentosos

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2011

RESUMO

Filamentous fungi produce a diverse array of secondary metabolites that have a remarkable impact on society. Some metabolites are exploited for their antibiotic and pharmaceutical activities, other are involved in diseases, due to the fungi interactions with plants or animals. In this context, the goal of this work was the obtention of secondary metabolites as pigments and biologically active metabolites produced by filamentous fungi. Five strains were selected Diplodia sp, Fusarium graminearum, Monascus purpureus, Penicillium expansum and Penicillium sp. These fungi were selected due to the ability to produce and secrete pigments on potato dextrose agar. To confirm and/or identify the fungi at species level, we used the partial sequencing of the intergenic region (ITS) of the ribosomal DNA and a region of the ¿-tubulin gene. Four of the five fungi were identified as Fusarium graminearum, Monascus purpureus and two strains of Penicillium chrysogenum (strains 1 and 2) and the primers to the ITS region were more suitable for the identification at species. The four strains produced pigments on agro-industrial residues under submerged culture. Because of the diversity of antibiotic activity metabolites produced by fungi, these coloured filtrates were tested against fungi and bacteria. From the fifteen tested filtrates, eleven showed inhibition against bacteria and fungi with medical, food and agronomical importance. The filtrates of grape waste and cheese whey of the fungus Penicillium chrysogenum 1 showed higher activity, including, amoebicidal activity against a strain of Acanthamoeba polyphaga ATCC 30461. Using an ESI-MS approach, a metabolic profile was obtained for the cheese whey filtrate, being confirmed the presence of penicillin G, because of the protonated molar mass and the fragmentation profile by ESI-MS/MS. In addition, was suggested the presence of the metabolites penicillin V and rugulosin, all with proven antibiotic activity. Therefore, the fungus Penicillium chrysogenum 1 was selected for future studies as the characterization of the produced pigments and more detailed analysis of the active metabolites, due to the GRAS status attributed to this specie, to the few studies related to the pigments production and to the potential to produce active metabolites on agro-industrial residues.

ASSUNTO(S)

fungos filamentosos metabólitos secundários pigmentos resíduos agroindustriais espectrometria de massa

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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