Produção de gorduras alimenticias zero trans utilizando oleo de palma, estearina de palma e oleo de soja totalmente hidrogenado. / Zero trans food fat production using palm oil, palm stearin and fully hydrogenated soybean oil.

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

The interest in zero trans fat acids to be utilized in industrialized products has been intensively increased in the last decade. Many of these fats are obtained by the combination of processes, such as interesterification, fully hydrogenation or fractionation. The producers big challenge is to maintain the functional characteristics of the lipid fraction, to be economically feasible, without no drastically rising the saturated fat content. These fractions are an alternative for substituting partially hydrogenated vegetable fat in several foods, for example in cookies, consumed mainly by children. The Brazilian regulation has imposed that commercialized food must express in their labels the trans content since July, 2006. Soybean and palm oils are the most commercially available oils and consist of interesting raw materials to elaborate zero trans fatty fractions. The production of zero trans shortenings in the ratios 98/2, 96/4, 92/8, 90/10 of PO/FHSO was done by chemical interesterification of mixtures of palm and fully hydrogenated soybean oil, under vacuum and agitation, using sodium methoxide as catalyst and temperatures of approximately 100 ºC. These ratios were determined as a possibility for application in cookies? fillings and other foods with similar characteristics. Besides these fractions, it was also analysed the chemical reaction of palm stearin in the same conditions. The studies of formulations? profiles as well as commercial products were done by comparing samples before and after reaction. Formulation F4, containing 96% palm oil and 4% fully hydrogenated soybean oil after interesterification, was chosen for application in cookies and similar products, because of its fatty acid composition, triacylglycerol composition, melting point and crystallization behaviour. The other interesterificated fractions presented very similar performance in terms of the improvement of the crystallization tendency. Simultaneously to this study, it was added additives to palm oil before and after the chemical interesterification reaction to benefit the slow crystallization that is characteristic of this raw material. It was concluded that the use of long chain monoacylglycerol with palm oil can be an alternative to accelerate the crystallization process of fats.

ASSUNTO(S)

palm oil chemical interesterification soybean oil interesterificação quimica oleo de soja gorduras zero trans zero trans fats oleo de palma

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