Potassium and magnesium rates in nutrient solution for mombaça grass. / Doses de potássio e de magnésio em solução nutritiva para capim-mombaça.

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2001

RESUMO

Two experiments were carried out in greenhouse conditions with Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça grown in nutrient solution, using ground quartz as substrate. One experiment had eight potassium rates (0; 9.75; 39; 78; 156; 234; 312 and 468 mg L-1) and another had eight magnesium rates (0; 1.2; 3.6; 12; 24; 36; 48 and 60 mg L-1) and were performed from January to March in each year. The objective was to evaluate the effects of potassium and magnesium rates on dry matter yield, tiller number, leaf area, chlorophyll concentration in the leaves throught SPAD readings, accumulation and concentration of each nutrient in plant components, and to estabilish parameters to determine the critical level of these two nutrients. In each experiment a complete randomized block design was used, with four replications. There was a positive effect of potassium rates in the dry matter yield of plant tops and roots, that fitted on quadratic models and in the leaf area expressed by linear models. Potassium rates affected the tiller number, but did not influence the estimated chlorophyll concentration in leaves. Potassium concentration in the emerging leaves, lamina of recently expanded leaves, lamina of mature leaves, stems plus sheaths and roots increased with potassium increasing in the nutrient solution. The highest and lowest potassium accumulation in the dry matter of plant tops were observed in stems plus sheaths and lamina of mature leaves, respectively. A positive effect of magnesium rates was observed in the dry matter of plant tops and root, in leaf area, in chlorophyll concentration, and they fitted in quadratic and linear models according to the studied variable. Magnesium rates in solution increased the tiller number up to 48 mg L-1. The concentration of magnesium in the emerging leaves, lamina of recently expanded leaves, lamina of mature leaves, stems plus sheaths and roots increased with magnesium solution from 0 to 60 mg L-1. The highest and lowest accumulation of magnesium in the dry matter of plant tops were observed in the stems plus sheaths and emerging leaves, respectively. The lamina of recently expanded leaves showed to be suitable for the evaluation of the nutricional status in potassium and magnesium of the Mombaça grass and the critical level were 15.4 and 17.3 g kg-1 for potassium and 4.2 g kg-1 for magnesium.

ASSUNTO(S)

nutrição vegetal magnesium mombaça grass magnésio solução nutritiva capim-mombaça potássio nutrient solution potassium

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