Combinações de doses de fósforo e de zinco em solução nutritiva para o Capim-Tanzânia / Combinations of phosphorus and zinc rates in nutrient solution for Tanzânia grass

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2005

RESUMO

Pastures are the main food source for de cattle in Brazil, and the grasses occupy most of them. Among the species in those pastures, Panicum maximum is preferred for its productivity and quality. In order to establish and maintain the pastures, it is necessary to supply nutrients in balanced amounts. The objective of this study was to determine the Panicum maximum cv. Tanzânia responses to combinations of phosphorus and zinc rates in nutrient solution related to the morphophysiology, yield and the concentrations of phosphorus and zinc in plant tissues. An experiment was carried out in a greenhouse located at Piracicaba, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil, with Tanzânia grass, in Summer season. Five rates of phosphorus (0.2, 0.6, 1.0, 1.4 e 1.8 mmol L-1) and five rates of zinc (0.00, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00 µmol L-1) were studied in a response surface methodology, based on a modified central composite design of a fractional 52 factorial. Other nutrients had concentrations in solution as recommended by Sarruge (1975), except for nitrogen that was supplied at 30 mmol L-1. Five plants were grown in 3.6 L plastic pots, containing ground quartz. The first harvest was done at 32 days after seedlings transplanting to the pots, and the second harvest was accomplished at 28 days after the first one. At the time of each harvest plant tops were separated into: emergents leaves (EL), lamina of recently expanded leaves (RL), lamina of mature leaves (ML) and colms + sheaths (CS). After the second harvest the roots werw collected. All plant material was dried, weighed and ground for laboratory analysis. The results showed that the interaction between phosphorus and zinc rates was significant for the dry matter yield at the first harvest, leaf area at the second harvest, roots dry weight, phosphorus concentration in the ML at the first and second harvests, in both the average phosphorus concentration in plant tops and zinc concentration in EL at the first harvest. Dry matter yield at the second harvest, leaf area at the first harvest, numbers of tillers and leaves at the first and second harvest , SPAD value in the first harvest, roots length, specific length and surface, phosphorus concentrations in the EL, RL and CS at the first and second harvests, the average phosphorus concentration in plant tops at the second harvest, phosphorus concentration in the roots, zinc concentrations in the RL, ML, and CS at the first and second harvests, and zinc concentration in the EL at the second harvest significantly changed with phosphorus rates. Significant responses to zinc rates were obtained for leaf area and zinc concentration in ML in first growth.

ASSUNTO(S)

adubação fosfatada zinc phosphorus fertilization capim-tanzânia zinco tanzania grass nutrient solution solução nutritiva

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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