Papel da dieta na pressão arterial de pacientes com diabetes melito tipo 2

AUTOR(ES)

Carolina Benvenuti de Mattos

FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2011

RESUMO

Hypertension is a multifactorial clinical condition that affects a significant part of the world population, with a higher prevalence in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) than in the general population. Changes in lifestyle, including dietary intervention, are important tools for prevention and management of hypertension, this effect being related to food composition. Few studies evaluated the role of micronutrients in blood pressure (BP) in patients with DM and the current recommendations were based on population studies in patients without DM. The aim of this study was to review the effects of micronutrients from diet or supplements on BP in patients with DM. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCT) was performed in Medline and Lilacs. It was conducted in adult patients with diabetes and evaluated the effect of micronutrients from diet or supplements on BP after at least two weeks of intervention, RCT trials with multiple micronutrient intervention or other (drugs, exercise) were excluded. Data were extracted by two independent researchers to record changes in BP at the end of the studies. Of the 607 studies initially selected 555 were excluded based on title or abstract; 52 potentially relevant studies for inclusion were then evaluated with their complete text and, from these, 12 RCTs were included, with a total of 16 interventions. In conclusion, sodium restriction, magnesium and vitamin D supplementation in patients with hypovitaminosis D may improve BP values of diabetic patients. However, the possible beneficial effect of vitamin C remains uncertain and the administration of vitamin E is not recommended. The indication of increased potassium intake has not been tested in patients with DM. Further studies are needed to confirm and clarify the role of these and other micronutrients in BP in patients with DM.

ASSUNTO(S)

hypertension nutrição diabetes mellitus blood pressure micronutrients hipertensão diabetes mellitus

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