O papel da assistência hospitalar ao recém-nascido na mortalidade neonatal precoce na Região Sul do município de São Paulo: estudo caso-controle / The role of hospital care for the newborn in early neonatal death in the South Region of the city of São Paulo: a case control study

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

The objective of this study was to develop a variable to measure the quality of newborn care in population studies, with the definition care phases, in order to develop an algorithm capable of categorizing clinical conditions and corresponding minimal or basic care needs. Literature review identified guidelines for neonatal care and the identification of essential clinical conditions and their basic care needs and a tutorial was developed with the definitions that permitted the application of an algorithm to clinical information registered in hospital records. Criteria for the definition of adequacy of care for 4 phases were created, and their corresponding weight in total adequacy of care. The algorithm was applied to data obtained from medical hospital records in two studies of early neonatal mortality, a case-control and a cohort of newborns weighing 75% for both deaths and survivors. In the case-control study the proportion of adequacy of care was near 80% for the cases and 98% for the controls. In the second phase of care, type of neonatal care unit, for the cohort the proportion of adequacy of care was 66% for deaths and 78% for the survivors, and 17% of the events could not be classified. In the case-control study, for the cases the proportion of adequacy was 67%, nearly 10% died before removal from the labor room, and 18% of the events could not be classified. For the controls the proportion of adequacy was 97%. In the third phase of care, called diagnostic procedures, the proportion of adequacy for the cohort was 50% for the deaths, with 26% of the events not classified, and for the survivors adequacy was 73% and no classification was 20%. For the case-control, the proportion of adequacy of cases was 60%, with 1 in 4 of the events not classified, and for controls adequacy was nearly 80% and 15% not classified. In the fourth phase of care, called therapeutic procedures, the proportion of adequacy for the cohort was nearly 50% for the deaths, 20% of the events not classified, and 42% for the survivors, with 20% not classified. For the case-control, in cases adequacy was 49%, not classified 23%, and in controls adequacy was 76%, and less than 5% not classified. For the composite variable adequacy of care, in the cohort, care was classified as adequate for 65% of deaths and 81% of the survivors, and 16% could not be classified. In the case-control, care was classified as adequate for 70% of the cases and 97% of the controls, and 17% and 1% respectively could not be classified. The results indicate that the algorithm is viable for use in epidemiological studies and has clinical plausibility, and revealed lower proportions of adequacy for the sicker newborns, with higher death risk, who need more specialized care, in order to be able to intervene on those conditions that lead to this higher risk, thereby demanding more human and material resources, not always available in these services.

ASSUNTO(S)

early neonatal mortality assistência hospitalar fatores de risco hospital care mortalidade neonatal precoce infant newborn recem-nascido risk factors

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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