O Movimento OperÃrio e a EducaÃÃo dos Trabalhadores na Primeira RepÃblica: a Defesa do Conhecimento Contra as Trevas da IgnorÃncia / Education and labor movement in the context of Brazilian First Republic: the defense of knowledge against the darkness of ignorance.

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

The present thesis comes under the heading âMarxism, Education and Class Struggleâ of the postgraduate program in Brazilian Education at the Federal University of Cearà (UFC) and is an integral part of the production of the research group âWork, Education and Class Struggleâ from the Institute of Study and Research on the Workersâ Movement (IMO) at the Cearà State University (UECE). The objective of the study was to clarify relations between formal schooling and political education within the workersâ movement, particularly in the urban setting. The study assesses how the workersâ movement has historically dealt with the problematic of the relation between formal schooling and political-ideological education. Our interest in the subject stems from our experience as a researcher/collaborator with the workersâ movement during ten years, participating in a considerable amount of research work based on the theory and methodology proposed by Marx, in accordance with the orientation of the IMO, along with the works of thinkers such as LukÃcs, Gramsci and MÃszÃros. Our extensive research work led us to investigate the development of the educational policies of the Brazilian trade unions. These policies are based on formal schooling and only theoretically associated with non-class struggleoriented political-ideological education. The study provides a comprehensive review of the literature on History, Education and Sociology of Work, supported by selected empirical findings. The first of the thesisâ three chapters lays the foundation of the work through a synthesis of the history of the workersâ movement at international, national and local level. The terms used in the debate on class struggle become the basic elements in the construction of the argument in accordance with the projectÂs theoretical framework. MarxÂs concepts of class and class-consciousness are briefly described along with an overview of the early days of the international workersâ movement. Upon this groundwork the First Brazilian Republic is introduced, followed by an account of the composition and organization of the working classes in Brazil and in CearÃ. In the second chapter the educational panorama during the First Brazilian Republic is described in detail, beginning with the basic structure of the educational system of the period. Reformations and major pedagogic currents are then outlined, followed by an analysis of the relation between the workersâ movement and workersâ formal schooling. The third chapter looks into the history of formal education in Cearà during the First Brazilian Republic, comparing the public school system with the educational projects proposed by the workersâ movement. The author shows how the workersâ movement in Brazil, and especially in CearÃ, has always been concerned with workersâ formal education, considering knowledge âa defense against the darkness of ignoranceâ. However, differences in the political outlook of different factions within the workersâ movement during the First Brazilian Republic have left their imprint on pedagogic projects. Thus, the educational concepts of socialists (inspite of their moderatism), anarchists and communists, on one side, and of conservative institutions such as Masonry and the Catholic Church, on the other, were diametrically opposed in that for the former group education was seen as an instrument for freeing workersâ of the mystifications of capital, while for the latter group it was merely a means of social mobility or, even worse, of social control. Unlike the conservative factions, the former group did not focus on job and market-oriented schooling. In short, it may be said that the working classes have always abhorred ignorance and fought tenaciously to acquire knowledge. It is our hope that this modest, though honest and carefully researched study may help recover the history of the workersâ movement in Brazil and Cearà at a time when the subject is receiving very little attention and the Left is going through worldwide crisis and demobilization. More than ever, the twenty-first century calls for an urgent and indispensable retake of the workersâ revolutionary project, promoting the struggle for a society freed from the slavery of work for the sake of capital, and making a society of free men possible in which the human race can develop without limits.

ASSUNTO(S)

educacao formaÃÃo escolar first republic omnilateral education trabalhadores â brasil â atividades polÃticas â histÃria â repÃblica velha,1889-1930 sindicatos e educaÃÃo â cearà â histÃria â repÃblica velha,1889-1930 movimento operÃrio formaÃÃo omnilateral formal education trabalhadores â educaÃÃo â cearà â histÃria â repÃblica velha,1889-1930 sindicatos e educaÃÃo â brasil â histÃria â repÃblica velha,1889-1930 primeira repÃblica labor movement trabalhadores â educaÃÃo â brasil â histÃria â repÃblica velha,1889-1930 trabalhadores â cearà â atividades polÃticas â histÃria â repÃblica velha,1889-1930

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