"O avunculado na Antropologia Evolutiva: uma abordagem intercultural" / "The avunculate in the evolutionary anthropology: a cross cultural survey"

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

The present work proposes to account for cultural variability in connection to human family organization, through Darwin’s theories of natural selection and sexual selection. It is also founded on evidence based on the comparison of ethnographic data of diverse human societies. It intends to demonstrate that there is a significant alteration in the behavior of family members when the rules of inheritance of wealth change. These alterations are triggered because the rules of inheritance dictate the MPI – Male Parental Investment – sometimes in the nephew and sometimes in the son. The hypothesis is that this variation in MPI (male investment in either the nephew or the son) modifies family relations in matrilineal and patrilineal organizations in a predictable manner. The role played by MPI in determining family tensions will be shown by applying cross cultural analysis to the data obtained from HRAF (Human Relations Area Files), using PSF (Probability Sample Files). The results of the present work show that societies in which the uncle’s relation with his nephew is affectionate, the husband beats the wife; on the other hand, when the father’s relation with his son is indulgent and friendly, brother and sister avoid each other. This variability of behavior can be coherently explained by sociobiological theory. Cultural wealth: the innumerable customs, the traditions, the taboos, the manifest and hidden norms, the apparatus of coercion, the rules of inheritance, marriage, dowry, bride price, the division of labor, in short, all the rules observed in all human groups can be explained in the light of the following theories: a) ‘kinship selection’ (Hamilton, 1963); b) ‘reciprocal altruism’ (Trivers, 1971; Axelrod, 1981); c) ‘parental investment and sexual selection’ (Trivers, 1972); and d) ‘parentoffspring conflict’ (Trivers, 1974).

ASSUNTO(S)

prisoner s dilemma behavioral ecology estruturalismo male parental investiment seleção de consangüíneos direito de família family law jealous altruísmo recíproco evolutionism sexual selection atom of kinship conflitos familiares structuralism parent-offspring conflict evolutionary psychology kinship slection teoris dos jogos ecologia comportamental evolutiva conflito entre prole e parentais Átomo de parentesco family conflicts game theory dilema do prisioneiro investimento parental masculino reciprocal altruism ciúme psicologia evolutiva evolucionismo seleção sexual

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