Modelagem do equilibrio de fases em misturas de dioxido de carbono supercritico e compostos presentes em produtos naturais / Phase equilibria modeling of mixtures of supercritical carbon dioxide and compounds present in natural products

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2002

RESUMO

Modeling and simulation of supercritical extraction processes request a good prediction of conditions of phase equilibrium, conditions that determine the higher concentration of liquid or solid (solute) to be extracted by supercritical fluid (solvent). The main problem in modeling of systems found in supercritica1 extraction processes is the great size difference (molecular weights) between involved substances (solute and supercritical fluid) and low concentration of solute in supercritical fluid. Now, mixing roles in use don t consider of appropriate way the problem of great asymmetry, therefore don t alIow a good prediction of phase equilibrium. A mixing role is proposed (Generalized Non Quadratic Rule), which is based on c1assic mixing rules of van der Waals, with modifications in the interaction parameters, as much in energy constant as in volume constant. A binary interaction parameter, dependent of concentration, is used to estimate energy constant; another binary interaction parameter, independent of concentration and with a differentiated effect on heavier component when compared with supercritical fluid, is used to estimate volume constant. This new arrangement considers as private cases well-known models of Panagiotopoulos-Reid and Adachi-Sugie among others. This generalized non quadratic form has all good characteristics of those models, allowing larger flexibility in correlating experimental data. Other mixing rule was used, Kurihara-Tochigi-Kojima Rule (based on the residual part of the excess free energy to infinite pressure), acting direct1y on energy constant of the state equation. Results obtained with the two mixing roles previously mentioned are compared with obtained results of modified role of Wong-Sandler and conventional role of van der Waals. The mixing roles described previously, joined with the Soave-Redlieh-Kwong and Peng-Robinson s cubic equations of state and the Patel-Teja-Valderrama generalized cubic equation of state, are used to describe liquid-vapor and solid-vapor equilibrium in asymmetrie binary mixtures (supercritical CO2 + heavy component or natural product). In this work were estimated the binary interaction parameters as much for the modeling of liquid-vapor equilibrium of binary systems: COz + limonene, linalool, lauric acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, 2-methyl-pentanol, l-octanol, l-decanol and a-pinene, as for modeling of solid-vapor equilibrium of the binary systems: CO2 + naphtalene, 2,3dimethylnaphtalene, 2,6-dimethylnaphtalene, phenanthrene, anthracene, B-eholesterol, caffeine, B-carotene and capsaicin. A Marquardt modified method with a objective function (saturation pressure and vapor phase concentration for liquid-vapor equilibrium and on1y vapor phase concentration for solid-vapor equilibrium) was used to predict binary interaction parameters. The computational subroutines were written considering the possibility of multiple solutions and consequently, the search of the optimum parameters was done on a large interval of possible solutions. Results (deviations in pressure and molar fraction in vapor phase for ELV and on1y deviations in fraction molar in phase vapor for ESV) indicate that mixture roles: NQG and modified WS allow to predict better the behavior of studied binary systems. The influence of EDEs for a same mixture role is not appreciable

ASSUNTO(S)

liquid-vapor equilibrium extração com fluido supercritico supercritical fluid equation of state solid-vapor equilibrium equilibrio liquido-vapor equação de estado mixing rule modeling

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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