Microbial quality control of phytomedicines oral solid dosage forms / Contaminação microbiana em medicamentos fitoterápicos sob a forma sólida

AUTOR(ES)

Dominique Corinne Hermine Fischer

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

1992

RESUMO

84 samples of phytotherapic products of oral solid dosage forms (capsules, tablets and powders) containing 17 different crude drugs and produced by 20 laboratories, marketed in drugstores, herborists and supermarkets at são Paulo-Brazil were analysed with regard to legal marketing requirements, only 15 samples were in accordance. A complete lack of quality standard was attributed to the manufacturers, including indefinition as to the classification of products among allopathic or homeopathic pharmaceuticals or foods or dietetics. The total aerobic bacterial (vegetative and sporulated forms) and fungal (moulds and yeasts) contents were determined by multiple tube technique; moreover tests were carried out for Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. by official international methods. The fungal contamination was predominantly of moulds and lower than the aerobic bacterial one. The maximum counts were 4,6 X 105 and 5,1 X 109/g, respectively, for fungi and bacteria. The frequency of samples with or more than 102/g fungi/g was 34,5% that for vegetative and sporulated bacterial counts with or more than 104/g was respectively, 53,6 and 45,2%. The incidence of Escherichia coli was about 6,0% with the highest level at 1,5 X 102/g. There was a tight relation between the vegetative and sporulated bacterial counts as well as the presence of specific pathogenic microorganisms in highly contaminated samples. The highest contamination occured in powders followed by capsules and tablets. Comparing our experimental data with the corresponding microbial standards for oral non sterile pharmaceuticals, crude drugs and phytotherapic products, the index of approval varied between 29,8 and 94,0%. Even by FIPs standards 59,5% of the phytotherapic specialties analysed had to be rejected. As many of these products showed innadequate sanitary quality for consumption, coupled to a critical analysis of the different microbial standards, the discution was raised about the necessity of establishing national specifications, even if provisional. Suggestions are made as to the contamination limits of oral phytotherapic pharmaceuticals.

ASSUNTO(S)

cápsulas contaminação microbiana microbial quality qualidade microbiológica fitoterápicos microbial standards medicamento phytomedicines padrões microbianos uso de medicamentos oral solid dosage forms

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