Introdução de um "Quantum" de tempo no formalismo da mecanica quantica
AUTOR(ES)
Ruy Hanazaki do Amaral Faria
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO
1994
RESUMO
Discovered nearly a century ago, the electron is still a stranger in the context of classical electromagnetism. Many models have been proposed in order to describe it. In this sense, the most successful theory is the one proposed by Dirac in 1938, notwithstanding some drawbacks such as the existence of pre-accelerating and self-accelerating solutions. An alternative theory was proposed in the fifties by P. Caldirola, based on the hypothesis of the existence of a fundamental interval of time: the chronon. Based on that hypothesis, Caldirola proposed a new framework based on finite difference equations equivalent to Dirac s but without the same inconsistencies. The extension of the chronon to non-relativistic quantum mechanics resulting in finite difference versions of the Schrödinger equation has produced relevant results such as the derivation of the masses of muon and tau starting from the electron mass. In this monograph we analyze the discrete equations in the scope of Feynman path integral formalism and study some of its solutions. We derive the time evolution operators for the discrete theory and use these operators to get the discrete Heisenberg equations. We perform a compatibility analysis of the various pictures: Schrödinger, Heisenberg and density operator. As in the continuous representation, the pictures are found to be equivalent. Some typical examples are studied as, for example, the simple harmonic oscillator. The density operator formalism is applied to the measurement problem of quantum mechanics. Finally, we study the equivalence between the discrete formalism and the introduction of non-hermitian operators in the continuous quantum mechanics
ASSUNTO(S)
equação de eletrons mecanica quantica schrodinger
