Influência dos polimofismos de nucleotídeo único (SNPs) da APOBEC3G na dinâmica populacional da infecção pelo HIV-1 / Influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms of APOBEC3G in the population dynamic in the HIV-1 infection

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

28/04/2011

RESUMO

APOBEC3G (A3G) has been described as a cellular factor that inhibits replication of HIV-1. During reverse transcription, A3G promotes deamination of cytidine to uracil in the minus strand viral DNA, inducing hypermutation of guanines to adenines in plus strand DNA. The HIV-1 counters this effect by the activity of the viral protein Vif, which counteracts A3G complexes through a mechanism of proteasome degradation. Although some single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been described occurring along the A3G gene, its effects on the progression of HIV-1 are unclear. This study attempted to establish, in the Brazilian population, the frequency of seven SNPs previous described and their impact on viral load and CD4 cell count, in association with the presence of hypermutation in the integrase gene. In addition, we analyzed the genetic diversity of the vif gene to establish its association with clinical status and polymorphisms of A3G. We analyzed 400 samples from drug naïve infected HIV-1 patients. SNPs were detected by resequencing. Bioinformatic tools for HIV-1 sequences analyses were used for studying the evolutionary process of gene vif. Hypermutation has been investigated using the dye-PEG Bisbenzimide in agarose gel electrophoresis. The gels were analyzed using Image J software and according to the position of the bands, when compared to controls, the samples were categorized. It was found that Brazilians and Europeans have similar genotype frequencies in the A3G gene. The analysis also revealed that the polymorphisms in most loci of A3G had no impact on viral load and CD4 + T cells counts. Analysis using agarose gels with HA-Yellow found that 36% of all samples ware hypermutated. Notably, the codons under epistasis influence in the vif gene were associated with levels of CD4 + T cells. The phylogenetic-based analysis revealed that A3G polymorphisms and hypermutation had insignificant impact in the rate of neutral mutation in vif gene. However, codons under positive selection were detected between the MKSLVK and YRHHY regions and within the BC-Box and the Cullin5-Box of vif gene. These regions are involved in the degradation of Vif-induced A3G complexes. In conclusion, we observed that the evolution of vif is partly explained by the optimized adaptive response to counteract A3G activity, which demonstrates evolutionary plasticity of HIV-1 to adapt to host genes with antiviral function.

ASSUNTO(S)

mutação apolipoproteínas b hiv-1 polimorfismo de um Único nucleotídeo citidina desaminase microbiologia

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

Documentos Relacionados