Influência do modo de ativação e de uma restauração simulada de porcelana no grau de conversão e na dureza superficial de um cimento resinoso auto-adesivo de cura dual / Influence of polymerization mode and a simulated ceramic restoration on degree of conversion and surface hardness of a dual-cured self-adhesive resin cement

Irma Cunha Matos

The aim of this study was to evaluate the degree of conversion (DC) and the microhardness of a self-adhesive resin cement under different activation protocols, immediately and after 24 hours of the beginning of the polymerization, and, defining cement regarding monomer composition, average diameter of the inorganic fillers and the percentage by weight of the organic and inorganic portions. Forty specimens (8 mm in diameter, 0.5 mm in height) were prepared. Half of them were used to determine DC and the other half were used on the microhardness test. The specimens were divided into four groups: GR1 direct photoactivation for 20s, GR2 photoactivation through 2mm porcelain disc for 20s, GR3 photoactivation through 2 mm porcelain disc for 40 s, and GR4 photoactivation was omitted and curing was reliant on the chemical reaction only. Vickers microhardness (HV) and DC, by FTIR-ATR, were determined immediately after photoactivation (GR1, GR2 e GR3) or after five minutes from the beginning of the polymerization (GR4). After dry storage in the dark, for 24 hours, the samples were submitted to the tests again. In order to define the studied cement, the Thermogravimetric method was applied, as well as the Infrared Spectometry, Nuclear Magnetic Ressonance Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscope. Data were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA, t-Test and Bonferroni Test (P≤0,05) and the degree of conversion values obtained immediately after polymerization and after 24 hours were, respectively: GR1: 29.64% 4.05 / 32.58% 2.99; GR2: 27.07% 2.39 / 28.9%1 3.9 / GR3: 28.18% 3.6 / 32.34% 4.04; GR4: 7.94% 2.4 / 20.38% 4.89. HV values obtained immediately after polymerization and after 24 hours were, respectively: GR1: 7.98HV 1.8 / 14.88HV 2.33; GR2: 4.84HV 0.13 / 9.06HV 1.63; GR3: 6.53HV 2.51 / 11.42HV 1.97. The low DC for GR4 do not permitted to quantify the initial HV value and after 24 hours this values was 10.65HV 0.92. The chemical curing mode showed DC and HV results for both period (initial and after 24 hours), statistically lower than the other groups where the photoactivation was used. The simulated ceramic restoration did not influence monomer conversion, however it negatively influence resin cement hardness. The exposure time did not influence resin cement hardness and monomer conversion. The inical DC and HV were significantly greater than after 24 hours, except for DC for initial period, when the photoactivation was realizded through a porcelain disc for 20s.There was a linear and positive correlation between degree of conversion and microhadness for the self-adhesive resin cement RelyX Unicem. Defining the cement: organic portion composed by a mixture of monomers. Bis-GMA is the main monomer. Presence of a dimethacrylate containing hydroxyl to connect to the phosphoric acid as a phosphate. Inorganic fillers raging between 0,4 to 11,2m. Powder is composed by 96% of inorganic particles. In liquid fraction, the organic portion corresponds to 84%. There were 16% of waste that did not burn due to nitrogen atmosphere.

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