Influência do diabetes mellitus gestacional na disposição cinética e metabolismo estereosseletivos do labetalol em pacientes com hipertensão arterial / Influence of gestational diabetes mellitus on the kinetic disposition and stereoselective metabolism of labetalol in patients with arterial hypertension,

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

Labetalol, a hypertensive agent considered to be safe for use by pregnant women, is clinically available as a mixture of two racemates, with the (R,R) isomer being a antagonist and the (S,R) isomer being responsible for the blocking activity. The study investigated the influence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on the kinetic disposition and stereoselective metabolism of labetalol administered by the intravenous or oral route. Thirty hypertensive pregnant women were divided into 4 groups: non-diabetic women treated with a single 40 mg dose of intravenous labetalol hydrochloride (IVH group, n=8) or with 100 mg labetalol hydrochloride by the oral route (OH group, n=9) and diabetic women treated with 40 mg intravenous labetalol hydrochloride (IVD), n=6) or with 100 mg labetalol hydrochloride by the oral route (OD, n=7). Serial blood samples were collected up to 12 h (oral route) or 15 h (intravenous route) after the administration of labetalol hydrochloride. The labetalol stereoisomers in plasma were analyzed with a chiral phase Chirobiotic V column by LC-MS-MS. The pharmacokinetic parameters of unchanged labetalol and glucuronide labetalol were calculated using the WinNolin software and analyzed by the Mann-Whitney and Friedman tests followed by the Dunn test (p<0.05). The pharmacokinetics of labetalol was not stereoselective in diabetic or non-diabetic pregnant women treated with the drug by the intravenous route. However, oral administration of labetalol resulted in lower values of the area under the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC) for the active isomer (R,R)-labetalol both in diabetic (60.9 vs 162.7 vs 157.9 vs 114.6 ng.h/mL, respectively for (R,R,), (SR), (S,S,) and (R,S)) and non-diabetic pregnant women (45.6 vs 84.2 vs 89.4 vs 78.3 ng.h/mL, respectively for (R,R,), (SR), (S,S,) and (R,S)). GDM involves changes in the kinetic disposition of the stereoisomers of labetalol when administered by the oral route. The AUC values for the inactive (S,S)-labetalol (157.9 vs 89.4 ng.h/mL) and for the -blocking (S,R) isomer (162.7 vs 84.2 ng.h/mL) were higher (p<0.05) for the diabetic than the non-diabetic pregnant women. The diabetic pregnant women showed greater oral bioavailability of the (S,R)-labetalol isomer (54.7 vs 24.0 %), explained by the reduced pre-systemic elimination due to the lower capacity for conjugation with glucuronic acid (68.4 vs 77.9 %). The approximately 100 % higher AUC values of the (S,R) isomer for the diabetic pregnant women treated with the drug by the oral route may be of clinical relevance in view of the -blocking activity of the isomer in question.

ASSUNTO(S)

labetalol diabetes mellitus gestacional estereoisômeros labetalol stereoisomers hypertension gestational diabetes mellitus hipertensão arterial pregnancy metabolismo farmacocinética pharmacokinetics gravidez

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