In vitro anti-Candida activity and chemical investigation of leaves and bulbs of Allium tuberosum Rotth. ex Sprengel / Estudo quimico do Allium tuberosum Rottl. ex Spreng biomonitorado pela avaliação da atividade anti-Candida albicans

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2006

RESUMO

Frequently used in folk medicine, the genus Allium include more than 600 species founded in several world regions like Europe, North America, Africa and Asia. The most of species is edible and have a aroma and smell characteristics, being algo used as hypocholesterolemic, anticold and antimicrobial. Among theAllium species,A. tuberosum Rottl. ex Spreng (Liliaceae) belongs to the same family of the garlic, anion and poroallium. In the China, is popularly called "Jiucai" and in Japan, "Nirá" and is also know as "Chinese chive", a important ingredient in the Asiatic culinary. Studies aims determine the properties of Allium spp. as antifungical and aim identify their volatile compounds are described in literature. The essential oils from leaves (OF) and bulbs (OB) ofA. tuberosum were obtained by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger system, yielding 0,15% and 0,12%, respectively. The dichloromethanic extract from bulbs (EB), obtained in a Ultra-Turrax system, presented yield of 3,28%. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) from oils against Candida albicans was: OF (>1000ug/mL), OB (200ug/mL) and EB (250ug/mL). The OB was fractionated in dry column by use of dichloromethane as eluent, when were obtairied six fractions: FI (33%), F2 (3,7%), F3 (3,3 %), F4 (12,6%), F5 (8,3%), F6 (7,6%), evaluated to anti-C. albicans activity. The volatile compounds present in the essential oils, extract and fractions of OB were identified by CG-MS. The major,ity compounds present in the OF, OB and in the FI and F2 from OB were organosulphides from disulphides classes, trisulphides, tetrasulphides and sulphinides, to standing out the allyl, methyl-disulphide, dimethyl-trisulphide, diallyl-disulphide and alil, methyl trisulphide. Significant quantities of limonene and sulphinades and low concentration of other sulphides were founded in EB. The MIC evaluation of fractions obtained from OB revealed a significant increase of activity for FI and F2, with MIC value of 50ug/mL, when compared to OB (200ug/mL). These results indicate that the main compounds from A. tuberosum responsible by anti-Candida activity are allyl, methyl-disulphide, dimethyltrisulphide, diallyl-disulphide and diallyl disulphide, present in higher concentration in OB and in the fractions FI e F2

ASSUNTO(S)

cromatografia gasosa espectroscopia de massa chromatography gas mass spectrometry

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